71 Wis. 33 | Wis. | 1888
The important question presented is -whether -the engine-room and the machinery therein destroyed by fire were covered by the policy. Much of the parol evidence offered on the part of Mr. Doe was excluded on the ground that the contract was in writing and the best evidence.
Upon these undisputed facts was the court justified in directing a verdict in favor of the plaintiff? Or should a verdict have been directed in favor of the company? Or were there any such conflicting inferences as to whether the policy covered the engine-room and the machinery therein, as required a submission of the case to the jury? Parol evidence was certainly admissible as to the character, nature and situation of the property insured, in order to place the court in the position of the parties at the time of making the contract of insurance. Had there been any dispute in anj'- of these respects, the question would have been properly determinable by a jury. But there was no such dispute. The question therefore recurs whether there is any •ambiguity or uncertainty in the language of the policy, when applied to the undisputed facts thus stated. Here the policy was for a certain amount on Mr. Hoe’s “ one-story frame.planing-mill building and addition, situate at An-tigo,” and for a certain other amount “ on machinery, including shafting, gearing, belting, saws, tools, force-pump and hose therein ” A “mill ” is defined to be “ (1) An engine or •machine for grinding or comminuting any substance; . . . usually having a word prefixed, denoting the particular object to which it is applied. ... (2) The building, with
It seems to us that there was no ambiguity, nor uncertainty, nor conflicting inferences in the language of the policy, when applied to the undisputed facts stated. Had there been, the question might have been properly submitted to the jury. Ganson v. Madigan, 15 Wis. 144, 82 Am. Dec. 659; Bedard v. Bonville, 57 Wis. 274; Faqin v. Connoly, 25 Mo 94, 69 Am. Dec. 450. In a note to the last citation it is said by the learned annotator that “it is a firmly established and universally recognized rule of law that the construction of a written instrument is a question of law for the court. It is the duty of the court, in all cases where the question is simply the determination of the meaning of a written document, to declare its legal interpretation ; and it is error to leave its construction to the jury.” 69 Am. Dec. 454, where numerous authorities are cited in support of the rule, which is there said to be applicable to written instruments of every description. Thus it has been recently held in New York that “ when the construction of a contract depends upon the language of the instrument itself, it is a question of law for the court, and a submission thereof to the jury is error.” Dwight v. G. L. Ins. Co. 103 N. Y. 341. Ruger, C. J., there said: “ It would seem from the authorities hereinbefore referred to that no question affecting the interpretation of contracts
By the Gourt.— The judgment of the circuit court is affirmed.