Holt v. ReesHolt v. Rees
- Reporters:
- Before:
- Lawrence
delivered the opinion of the Court:
On thе 1st of September, 1857, Rees executed to Swift, ninety bonds, for five hundred dollars each, with interest coupons attached, the interest pаyable semi-annually, and the principal at different periods, ranging from eight to twelve years. It was provided in said bonds that if default should be mаde in the payment of principal or interest, fof sixty days from maturity, they should all be considered due at the option of the holder. They were secured by a mortgage on real estate in Chicago, which was also executed’ by Bees to Swift. A part of the bonds were pаid, and, of the residue, thirty-six passed by endorsement into the hands of Beid, the original complainant in this suit, and sixteen into the hands of Clapp, defendant herein in the Circuit Court, and now one of the plaintiffs in error. Ho interest was paid after March 1859, and in May 1862, Bees gave Clapp pоssession of the mortgaged premises, and he leased them to plaintiffs in error, Calkins and Holt, for the term of one year. In May, 1862, Clapp, in сonnection with Joy, who then held the bonds now owned by Beid, renewed the lease for the term of three years. On the 30th of July, 1864, Beid filed this bill to foreсlose the mortgage, making parties, Bees, the mortgagor, Clapp, the holder of the sixteen bonds, and Calkins and Holt, the tenants. The defеndants answered, proofs were heard, arid after two references to a Master to state the account, the court deсreed that Bees pay to Beid and Clapp, the amount respectively found to be due them, within thirty ‘days from the last day of the term, or that he deposit the amounts with the clerk, and that on making such payments, he should hold the premises discharged of the lien of the mortgage, and frеe from all right and title of any person claiming under it. The mortgagor paid the money into court within the thirty days. Clapp, Calkins and Holt sued out the present writ of error. The defendants in error have joined in error upon the assignment by Calkins and Holt, but as to Clapp they have pleaded as a release of errors, that, pending the suit, Clapp has surrendered his bond‘s to the clerk of the Court below, and received the mоney directed by the decree to be paid to him. To this plea Clapp demurs, and so far as relates to him, the disposition of the сase depends on the issue.of law made by the demurrer to this plea.
It is urged against the plea, that Clapp is not benefitted by this decree, and that therefore he is not within the cases of Thomas v. Negus, and Morgan v. Ladd, 2 Gilm. 700 and 415. But although the amount allowed him upon his bonds may be less than he was entitled to, still, so far as the decree directed the payment of any sum of money to him, to.that extent it was beneficial and what the court decided in the above cited cases was, that a party cannot avail himself of that portion of a decree which is favorable to him, and secure its fruits, and then reverse in an appellate court, such portions as militate against him. Counsel object to the binding authority of these decisions, because made by a divided court, but we fully concur in the opinion of the majority. If a decrеe is to be reversed, the parties should be placed in statu quo. . It would be manifestly unjust, to permit Clapp lo take all the money the decree gives him, and then speculate upon the possibilities of getting more by means of a writ of error. Suppose the decreе should be reversed, and on another hearing, the court upon some new evidence, should find due him a still smaller sum. -This might easily happen, and thе supposition shows the distinction between this case and one of tender, to which counsel erroneously seek to compare it. Money paid into court to keep a tender good is brought in voluntarily, and is a deliberate admission that such sum is due the adverse party. If accepted or taken out of court, the party tendering can not recover it back. But if paid into court under the pressure оf a decree, and after a reversal of such decree, it is ascertained by the court that its former decree was for too large a sum, the party haying paid would be entitled to a restoration of the excess. The analogy, then, between this case and one of tender fails. But it is unnecessary to pursue this subject further. We are clearly of opinion, that a party cannot acceрt money, directed to be paid him by a decree, and then ask a reversal on the ground that it did not give him enough. His acceptance was a ratification. The demurrer to the plea of release of errors must be overruled.
Calkins and Holt seek to reverse this decree on the ground that it terminated their leasehold interest in the mortgaged premises. ■ A lease made by a mortgagee in possessiоn is necessarily terminated by a redemption of the mortgage, unless there has been some express or implied authority from the mortgаgor to lease for a given time. We so held at the last April term, in an action of ejectment that must have been between these same parties, and for the same premises. Holt et al v. Rees, 44 Ill. 30. It is true, however, that if the mortgagee has been let into possession, аnd makes a lease, and, at a subsequent period all the parties are before a court of chancery, the court would not direct the delivery of possession at a time that would work great hardship to the lessee. For example, in the case of farming lands, it would enable the lessee to gather his crops. But in the decree before us, there is nothing of which Calkins and Holt can complain. Thеre is really no decree against them. They are not required to deliver possession to the mortgagor on his redeeming, but he is left to his lеgal remedies. All that there is in the decree affecting the possession in any way, is the direction that, in the event of a sale, possеssion shall be delivered by whomsoever may hold it, to the grantee in the Master’s deed. How as the sale, if made, was to be subject to fifteеn months redemption, and as Holt and Calkins only claimed, in their answer, a possessory right to May, 1866, arid this decree was in July, 1865, it is evident that this provision in nо way prejudiced any rights held by them. The language of the decree to the effect, that on redemption Rees should hold the premisеs discharged of the mortgage, and free and clear from all right, title and estate derived under the mortgagee, Swift, or under Clapp or Rеid, is simply a clause defining the legal effect of redemption, and conferring on Rees no rights against Holt and Calkins, which he would not have hаd, if such clause had been omitted. As there is nothing in the decree prejudicial to them, there is no ground on which they can ask its reversal.
Decree affirmed.