126 Ga. 459 | Ga. | 1906
(After stating the foregoing facts.)
1. The Civil Code declares among the grounds for divorce, “the •conviction of either party for an offense involving moral turpitude, and under which he or she is sentenced to imprisonment in the penitentiary for the term of two j^ears or longer.” § 2426, par. 8. The respondent was sentenced to the penitentiary for a term exceeding two years, and the right of the libellant to a divorce depends upon whether the offense of which he was convicted involved moral turpitude. Turpitude in its ordinary sense involves the idea of inherent baseness or vileness, shameful wickedness, depravity. Webster’s Inter. Diet. In its legal sense it includes evexything done contrary to justice, honesty, modesty, or good morals. Black’s Law Diet.; Bouvier’s Law Diet. The word “moral,” which so often precedes the word turpitude, does not seem to add anything to the meaning of the term, other than that emphasis which ■often results from a tautological expression. All crimes embraced within the Boman’s conception of the crimen falsi involve turpitude ; but it is not safe to declare that such crimes only involve turpitude. Murder involves vileness and depravity; for it is the result of an abandoned and malignant heart. Voluntary manslaughter involves the intentional destruction of human life. It is true that there is no deliberation, no malice, in the act constituting the offense, but the manslayer intends to kill, and carries out the intention in an unlawful manner. It may be the result of passion' or
2. The right of the libellant to a divorce results from the conviction and sentence. There are three essential ingredients in the' ground for divorce; the commission of the offense involving moral turpitude, the conviction for the same, and a sentence for a term of two 3'ears or longer in the penitentiary. When this state of' affairs is shown to exist, the law declares the libellant is entitled to a divorce. Can this right given by statute be destroyed by an executive pardon? The pardon restores the convict, so far as the public is concerned, to the position he occupied before the conviction. He is no longer infamous; he may vote, hold office, and perform other public functions. Eights which have accrued to individuals as a result of the conviction are not affected by the pardon. Mr. Bishop in his work on Marriage, Divorce and Separation, §§ 444, 1807, says, that where conviction for a crime is declared to be a ground for divorce it is a defense to a divorce suit to show that the convict has been pardoned. He cites no authority for this, statement. He does refer to the case of Young v. Young, 61 Texas, 191, where it was held that the commutation of the sentence of one convicted of a felony was not equivalent to a pardon. The-statute of Texas provided that if a party to a marriage was convicted of a felony and imprisoned in a State prison, this should be' a ground for divorce, provided that no suit could be maintained for the' conviction of either party until twelve months after final judgment of conviction, nor then if the governor should have pardoned the convict. In that case the governor had commuted the sentence of the convict within twelve months after final judgment;, and this was held not to amount to a pardon within the meaning, of the statute. Mr. Nelson in his work on Divorce and Separation sa3>-s that it would seem that if before the trial of the suit for divorce the convict is pardoned, the divorce should not be granted.. He cites no authority for the proposition: Eeference is made to'
Judgment affirmed.