135 Ark. 206 | Ark. | 1918
This is an action brought by the heirs of E. H. Holloway against Joe P. Eagle and the Union Trust Company, as executors of the last will of W. H. Eagle, deceased, and Joe P. Eagle. E. H. Holloway died August 8, 1893 or 1894; his heirs were A. J. Wade, John and C. Y. Holloway, Edna, Elvin and Shelby Miller, who were the children of Sarah Miller, deceased, Mary, Tom and Roy Mason, who were the children of Allie Mason, deceased, Mrs. M. E. Naylor and LeMay Holloway Lewis. Sarah Miller and Allie Mason were the daughters of E. H. Holloway.
.Action was first brought by C. Y. Holloway, who was afterward joined by the other heirs, as parties plaintiff. They alleged in substance that E. H. Holloway died in possession of certain lands (describing them); that a suit was brought by W. H. Eagle & Son (a firm composed of W. H. Eagle and Joe P. Eagle), against W. H. Eagle, as administrator of the estate of E. H. Holloway; that the land described in the complaint was sold to W. H. Eagle & Son; that W. H. Eagle, a member of the firm who purchased the land, was appointed administrator of the estate of E. H. Holloway; that he was also trustee at the time of the sale, and at the time the conveyance was made by the commissioner under such sale; that the estate of W. H. Eagle, deceased, and Joe P. Eagle should be held to account for the rents and profits since the date of the sale, May 23,1895, and they prayed that a master be appointed to state an account of this, and if it be found that the land was subject to an encumbrance due iW. H. Eagle & Son, that they be allowed to redeem same.
The answer denied specifically all the allegations of the complaint and set up as a bar all the statutes of limitation and the statute of nonclaim and pleaded laches. After a great deal of testimony had been taken, the chancellor appointed L. P. Biggs, master, who was satisfactory to both parties, and directed him to examine the testimony already taken and to take further testimony; to ascertain the amount of the original indebtedness due by E. H. Holloway to W. H. Eagle & Son, the amount of rents collected, taxes paid and interest charged, and then report to the court. After the testimony was taken and the report of the master filed, many exceptions to the report of the master were filed by plaintiffs, and the court, after considering the entire record in the case, dismissed the complaint for want of equity, as to all the plaintiffs, except C. Y. Holloway. •
The court found that the defendant, Joe P. Eagle, was guilty of no actual fraud, but held him accountable as trustee, because he had acquired title to the lands through a purchase by W. H. Eagle & Son, and that such purchase of the lands belonging to the estate of E. H. Holloway, by its administrator, W. H. Eagle, rendered .the sale voidable.
The court affirmed the finding of the master, that .Joe P. Eagle was due the estate of E. H. Holloway the .sum of $4,960.53, and that the, plaintiff, C. V. Holloway, was entitled to one-ninth interest in said sum, towit, $551.17, with interest thereon from December 31, 1916, until paid, and rendered a decree in favor of C. Y. Holloway for such sum.
Prom this decree C. Y. Holloway prosecutes this appeal. The other heirs also prosecute the appeal from the decree dismissing their complaint for want of equity, and Joe P. Eagle cross-appealed in this court.
E. H. Holloway was indebted to W. H. Eagle & Son, and to secure such indebtedness he mortgaged to them all his personal property and real estate in Lonoke County; the mortgage covered the real estate lying north and south of what is called in the record “Bayou Meta.” The lands south of Bayou Meta were subject to a prior mortgage executed by Holloway to the Arkansas Loan & Trust Company. Prior to the death of Holloway the trust company had brought suit to foreclose its mortgage; that suit was contested and found its way to the Supreme Court. After Holloway’s death the ease was revived in the Supreme Court in the name of W. H. Eagle, as administrator of the estate of E. H. Holloway, deceased, and the heirs of E. H. Holloway. A receiver was also appointed in this suit. The decree of the lower court was affirmed by the Supreme Court.
While suit was pending in the Supreme Court, W. H. Eagle & Son filed suit to foreclose their mortgage, and made W. H. Eagle administrator of the Holloway heirs, and the receiver appointed in the suit of the trust company, parties to that suit.
A decree of foreclosure was rendered, but no procedure was had against the lands that lay south of the bayou, they being covered by the mortgage of the trust company. The decree was rendered against the land north of the bayou and the clerk of the court was appointed commissioner to sell those lands. A decree of foreclosure was also rendered in the suit of the trust company against the lands south of Bayou Meta, and Max Frolich was appointed commissioner to make the sale of these lands. As shown in his report, “¡W. H. Eagle and Joe P. Eagle, composing the firm of W. H. Eagle & Son, being the highest and best bidders, became the purchaser at that sale.” A report of this sale was made to the court on November 19, 1895, and a deed in pursuance to that sale was of the same date. This deed was made to J. P. Eagle, and the acknowledgment of the deed contains this recital: “On this day, Max Frolich, appointed to execute the decree rendered in this case, produces to the court here his deed to Joe P. Eagle, the purchaser of the lots and premises mentioned and described in said deed, and upon examination of said deed the same is in all things approved.” In the foreclosure sale of W. H. Eagle & Son of the lands north of Bayou Meta, the deed was duly executed, and the acknowledgment was taken in open court, This deed conveyed the lands to W. H. Eagle & Son. The personal property of E. H. Holloway was foreclosed under special power conferred upon the trustee in the mortgage and was purchased by various parties at such sale, and the proceeds credited on the indebtedness of E. H. Holloway to W. H. Eagle & Son.
Joe P. Eagle conveyed the lands south of Bayou Meta to W. H. Eagle & Son on December 13, 1895, by warranty deed, the consideration expressed therein being $3,654.46. On March 3,1900, Joe P. Eagle and wife conveyed all the lands which had been purchased at both foreclosure sales to "W. H. Eagle, and on June 14, 1900, W. H. Eagle and wife conveyed the lands to Joe P. Eagle for the consideration of $5,000, $2,500 cash and $2,500 as an advancement to Joe P. Eagle.
W. H. Eagle died in 1906 and Joe P. Eagle and the Union Trust Company were named as executors of his will. No claim' was filed against his estate by the heirs of E. H. Holloway; the firm of fW. H. Eagle & Son and Joe P. Eagle took possession of the property, after the deeds under the foreclosure sales had been executed and made many extensive and valuable improvements'thereon.
While the evidence in the trial court took a wide range and the record of it here is exceedingly voluminous, we will only discuss such of it as we deem necessary to the issues, which in our view are reduced here to a comparatively narrow compass.
First. The appellants seek to hold J. P. Eagle liable, as trustee, for their benefit. Joe P. Eagle did not occupy any trust relation himself to appellants, but he was cognizant of the relation which his father, W. H. Eagle, sustained to them, as • administrator of the estate of E. H. Holloway. Therefore, the principal question is, was W. H. Eagle a purchaser at the foreclosure sales, and if so, did such purchase render those sales voidable? W. H. Eagle, as administrator of the estate of E. H. Holway, was party defendant in both foreclosure suits at the time the final decree was rendered.
Such sales are voidable at the instance of the heirs of the testator or intestate. See other authorities cited in 2 Crawford’s Digest, p. 2185, § 147.
Joe P. Eagle testified that at the sale of the real estate belonging to the Holloway estate he bid it in to protect his debts; that he and W. H. Eagle were equal partners; that the debts for which the land were sold were obligations to W. H. Eagle & Son; that witness had no conversation with W. H. Eagle with reference to the conveyance of the land by Max Frolich, commissioner, to ÍW. H. Eagle; that he was the real purchaser at the sale and there was no agreement that he would purchase it and then resell or deed it to W. H. Eagle or W. H. Eagle & Son. When he deeded it to W. H. Eagle & Son the consideration was $2,500; he conveyed to W. H. Eagle & Son because he preferred that they carry the land as at that time $2,500 was a good deal of money. He bought the land in his own name. On cross-examination his attention was called to the fact that he had testified that he had purchased the land in his own name for the use of W. H. Eagle & Son, and was asked if that was a mistake and he answered, “I bought it in my own name.” The report of the commissioner, which was introduced in evidence, showed that “the firm of W. H. Eagle & Son was the highest and best bidder; that he, as comjmissioner, did accept and take from said W. H. Eagle & Son as such purchaser, their joint and several bonds,” etc. The deed was made to Joe P. Eagle and the acknowledgment recites that he was the purchaser at the sale.
The report of the commissioner for the sale of the lands north of the bayou shows that the sale was made to iW. H. Eagle & Son as the highest and best bidder and the deed was executed to them. Joe P. Eagle as a member of the firm of W. H. Eagle & Son was the agent for the firm and also of his partner, W. H. Eagle, in making the purchase, and the purchase was as much the purchase of W. H. Eagle as it was for Joe P. Eagle.
Perry, in bis work on Trusts, volume 2, section 860, lays down the doctrine that, “If a trustee, in breach of bis trust, conveys the land to a third person, such third person, if be is an innocent purchaser, for value, without notice, will bold the estate discharged of the trust. But if be received the conveyance with notice, or without paying any consideration, be will be bolden as a trustee; for the cestui que trust may enforce the trust against bim by proceeding in equity. * * * It may be said, that the relation between such bolder of the legal title and the cestui que trust is that of trustee and cestui que trust, and that the same principles apply, respecting the application of the statute, as apply between trustee and cestui que trust in an express trust.”
In Bland v. Fleeman, 58 Ark. 84-90, we .said: ‘ ‘ The rule, we believe, is universally established that tbe statute will not bar an express trust. ‘But this doctrine,’ says Chief Justice Cockrill, in McGaughey v. Brown, 46 Ark. 34, ‘is subject to two qualifications, namely, that no circumstances exist to raise a presumption of tbe extinguishment of tbe trust,- and that no open denial or repudiation of tbe trust is brought home to tbe knowledge of the parties in interest which requires them to act as upon an asserted adverse title.’ ”
By analogy, courts of equity take the same limitation for their guide that governs courts of law. McGaughey v. Brown, supra.
Immediately after the sales W. H. Eagle and Joe P. Eaglé commenced to deal with the lands as their individual property; they made conveyances of the lands back and forth, the one to the other; they went into possession and made valuable improvements, enjoying the rents and profits. After the death of W. H. Eagle in 1906, administration was immediately had upon his estate, and the same was practically fully administered before this suit was brought in 1913. No demand was made by any of the heirs of E. H. Holloway upon W. H. Eagle or Joe P. Eagle. They all lived in the community and were cognizant of the facts, or had notice of facts and circumstances that would put a man of ordinary prudence and intelligence on inquiry, which in law is tantamount to knowledge of the facts to which such inquiry might lead. Bland v. Fleeman, supra. All the heirs of E. H. Holloway who were of age at the time of the sales, except the married! women, would be barred by the seven years as well as the five years statute of limitations. Secs. 5056 and 5060, Kirby’s Digest. The female heirs, who were alive and married at the time of the sales and their children would be barred by the five-year statute of limitations, because that statute does not except married women, and foreclosure sales are judicial sales. McGaughey v. Brown, supra; Garland County v. Gaines, 47 Ark. 558; McKneely v. Terry, 61 Ark. 541; Gibson v. Herriott, 55 Ark. 85; Nash v. Delinquent Lands, 111 Ark. 164.
It follows that all the appellants, except C. Y. Holloway, are barred by the statute of limitations. They .are also barred, under the same facts by laches, although in the latter case the rule as to limitation is not necessarily a criterion — the time may be longer or shorter, depending upon the particular facts and circumstances in each case. Gibson v. Herriott, supra.
Third. This brings us to a consideration of the amount of the decree in favor of C. Y. Holloway. The master’s report shows that “all the attorneys agreed with him that the account which he was directed to make should be stated upon the theory that Joe P. Eagle was a trustee, ’ ’ and that was the theory he adopted. His report shows that he made an exhaustive examination of the evidence that was taken both prior to and after his appointment and made an elaborate report after reviewing the items of the account as rendered in the statement of the expenditures made by Joe P. Eagle in connection with the lands belonging to the estate of E. H. Holloway with which he charged the estate, and of the rents, profits and proceeds of the sale of the land, with which he credited such estate.
It would be wholly impracticable to set out and discuss in detail in this opinion all the evidence bearing upon this issue. The appellants specifically excepted to the finding of the master, charging 10 per cent, interest on the judgments rendered in favor of W. H. Eagle & Son, from November, 1894, to July, 1916, principal and interest amounting in the aggregate to $10,367.43. They also specifically excepted to the finding of the master, charging them with any permanent improvements.
In regard to the interest item, the master’s report is as follows: “Plaintiffs claim credit by way of error against them in the computation of interest in the decree of November 21, 1894. It is apparently true that the amount of the debt and interest does not coincide with the amount of the judgment, but on account of certain credits mentioned one can not be positive to the calculation. Since the decree stood the scrutiny of the court and plaintiffs’ counsel, we ought to assume that they knew what they were doing, and since we do not know what circumstances may have entered in the calculation of this decree I hesitate to correct the seeming error, even if I had the legal right. While I have charged and credited the estate with all the items practically as set forth in the statement filed by Mr. Eagle, I differ with his account as to the method of figuring interest: In his statement Mr. Eagle charges the estate the judgments with interest at 6 per cent, and 10 per cent, from the date thereof until date of payment; all the judgments bear 10 per cent, interest, except $407.94. ’ ’
In their brief in regard to these specific exceptions, the counsel for appellees say that “the master charged the plaintiffs (appellants here) with the highest rate of interest, towit, 10 per cent, in rendering all statements, and gave appellees credit for commissions on sales of land, etc. * * * It would take too much space to set out all the items, but we think we have covered the different classes of items.”
The testimony of Judge Thos. C. Trimble, who as attorney was connected with all the suits, and thoroughly familiar with all the transactions, shows that the judgments were based on debts that bore interest at the rate of 10 per cent. His testimony was also based upon the papers that were exhibited to him, which counsel for appellant abstract by saying, “As these things are all set out in the master’s report we think it unnecessary to abstract them further.” Counsel for appellants in their abstract of the master’s report do not set out any of] these papers which the master had before him as evidence. Appellants therefore do not make it appear that there was any error in the findings of the master allowing Joe P. Eagle 10 per cent, interest on the judgments in favor of W. H. Eagle & Son. The chancellor did not find any error in this respect, and the finding of the chancellor is sustained by a preponderance of the evidence. Indeed, there is no evidence in the abstract to the contrary.
Therefore, since Joe P. Eagle was guilty of no actual fraud, but purchased the land in good faith, doubtless in absolute ignorance of the legal effect of such purchase, and believing he was acquiring a perfect title, he must be dealt with in making the settlement, as the rule of equity and good conscience demands in such cases. After a careful reading and consideration of the master’s report as contained in the record itself, and the testimony as abstracted, we are convinced that the master did not depart from the above rules, but on the contrary observed the same according to the doctrine announced in Stubbs v. Pitts, 84 Ark. 160: “Where a constructive trust was decreed, credit will he allowed for the purchase money-paid,with interest, and the value of improvements made, and will he charged with the rental value of the land during the period of such possession.”
The decree is correct and it is affirmed.
