187 Mich. 278 | Mich. | 1915
The complainants in this cause are three of the children of the defendant, Patrick M. Hogan. The other defendant, Dennis J. Hogan, is a fourth child of Patrick M. Hogan. Besides the three complainants and the defendant Dennis, there were four others, as follows: Bridget, born in 1871, now, dead; Margaret, born in 1874, now a widow; James, born in 1875; and Mary, born in 1882. The three complainants were born, respectively,' Daniel in 1881, Katherine in 1885, and Patrick in 1886.
The family history is somewhat peculiar in that, of the eight children, only three were ever married— Bridget, Margaret, and Dennis. Bridget being dead, five of those now living remain unmarried, and Margaret, as before stated, is now a widow. Defendant Patrick M. Hogan, with his wife and family, lived upon a farm in the township of North Plains, in Ionia county, consisting of about 150 acres. His wife died in May, 1898. His elder children, Bridget, Margaret, and James, left home at different dates, and when James started for himself his sister Mary went with him as housekeeper. There remained at home, of the children, defendant Dennis and complainants Daniel, Katherine, and Patrick. This was the situation in May, 1901.
The financial situation of defendant Patrick M. Hogan, in April, 1901, appears to have been as follows: He was the owner of about 150 acres of land, and he was indebted in the sum of approximately $5,000; a
“He always claimed they (complainants) were working for themselves, and what he had would be theirs.”
It appears, and the record discloses, that in 1902 James purchased the so-called Fox farm — a farm of 80 acres lying near to or adjoining the home farm. He testifies that he purchased it for his brothers, the complainants Daniel • and Patrick, and that he paid down upon the purchase price the sum of $1,000, $500 of which he himself furnished, and $500 of which was raised upon his note, signed also by his father. He gave a mortgage of $2,000 on the property, which completed the purchase price. He claims to have paid the interest on this mortgage up to the year 1909, when he deeded it to his father, defendant Patrick M. Hogan. Explaining the fact that he deeded this farm to his father, instead of his brothers, James testified that:
“The boys and I talked it over different times. They told me any time father wanted it to let father have it; let it go in with the rest.”
The defendant Patrick M. Hogan absolutely denied the making of the contract in question. In his answer, however, he says:
“This defendant, further answering, denies: That said complainants are entitled to the relief, or any part thereof prayed for, in said bill of complaint. That, while such is the case, nevertheless this defendant has at all times been willing and is now willing, and hereby*282 offers, to compensate said complainants liberally and fully for all services they have ever performed upon said farm or for the use and benefit of this defendant since they each and severally arrived at the age of 21 years.”
Some time prior to the 1st of January, 1914, the relations between the complainants and the defendant Patrick M. Hogan appear to have become somewhat strained, and on the 20th day of December, 1913, the defendant Patrick M. Hogan deeded the Fox farm to his son Dennis J. for an expressed consideration of $3,000. Some time either shortly before or shortly after said transaction, the defendant Patrick M. Hogan took up his residence with defendant Dennis J. Hogan, and on January 7, 1914, complainants filed their bill of complaint herein. They pray for specific performance of their alleged contract with their father Patrick M. Hogan, and that the deed made by him to his son Dennis J. Hogan may be set aside and canceled. The learned circuit judge who heard the case filed no written opinion, but a decree was entered containing the following language:
“The court having taken the same under advisement, and after due consideration, did adjudge and determine, and. does hereby find and determine, that no agreement upon which a specific performance could be compelled and the various parties be granted the equities belonging to them has been alleged or proven, and, upon any agreement of either party claimed by them to have been made, there can be no decree for specific performance.
“The court further finds and determines that complainants have strong equities, and that each have for several years, both before and since their majority, rendered very laborious services for said defendant, Patrick M. Hogan, and for which services so rendered for him by said complainants he has derived large profits and been greatly benefited, and for which he has from time to time promised to pay them, and for several years last past has stated to them that he*283 would reward them liberally for the services so rendered by them and each of them.”
An award was provided to the complainants in the sum of $10,500, but specific performance was denied. From this decree both parties appeal.
On behalf of complainants it is strenuously urged that the circuit court should have determined, under the testimony, that the contract, as alleged, was entered into between the complainants and defendant Patrick M. Hogan; but, in the event that it is determined that the circuit court was right in finding that no such contract was entered into, complainants claim that the allowance of $10,500 is too small by several thousand dollars. Counsel for complainants base their argument on this branch of the case upon the assumption that in May, 1901, when the alleged contract was entered into, defendant Patrick M. Hogan was possessed of property of value to an amount of not more than $6,000 in excess of his liabilities. The record disclosed that, at the time of the hearing, he was possessed of real estate, including the Fox farm, valued at $17,500; personal property, including the farm implements, valued at about $4,000; and cash on hand to the amount of $2,500 — a total of $24,000. They claim on behalf of complainants, and we think the record fairly shows, that this increase (of $18,000) in the value of the estate of Patrick M. Hogan during the 13 years which elapsed between the making of the contract and the date of the filing of the bill, was due in a very large measure to the energy and industry of the complainants. Some portion of it is undoubtedly attributable to unearned increment.
The learned circuit judge having failed to file an opinion in the case, we are not advised of his reasons for denying the relief prayed, except as they may be inferred from the decree itself. Taking the testimony of all the parties as it appears in this record, we have
Starting with this fact in mind, and remembering that the relations between the complainants and their father Patrick M. Hogan had become so strained as apparently to preclude their continued joint residence upon the farm in question, what relief should be granted complainants?
Defendant Patrick M. Hogan is now 81 years of age. If he were now dead, the case would, of course, present no difficulty under previous decisions of this court. Twiss v. George, 33 Mich. 253; Lamb v. Hinman, 46 Mich. 112 (6 N. W. 675, 8 N. W. 709); Carmichael v. Carmichael, 72 Mich. 76 (40 N. W. 173, 1 L. R. A. 596, 16 Am. St. Rep. 528); Taft v. Taft, 73 Mich. 502 (41
The refusal of the defendant Patrick M. Hogan to further reside with the complainants, whether justified or not by their conduct toward him, obviously makes it impossible for them to further perform their part of the contract. This fact, however, should not deprive them of the fruits of 13 years of hard and unremitting toil. Nor do we think that to grant complainants the relief prayed will work any hardship to defendant. So long as he lives he has the right to control for his own purposes, not only the personal property, but the real estate. It is only at his death, when his necessities are at an end, that the contract steps in and disposes of what remains, according to its tenor. The restriction upon his power of alienation was one of his own making and was for a valuable consideration, which has been, so far as is possible, performed by the complainants greatly to his advantage.
We think a decree should be entered in this court providing as follows:
(1) The deed from defendant Patrick M. Hogan to Dennis J. Hogan should be set aside and held for naught.
(2) Defendant Patrick M. Hogan should be perpetually enjoined from aliening or incumbering, except as his personal necessity might require, any of the lands mentioned in the pleadings.
(3) The personal property, including the cash on hand, and now in the possession of defendant Patrick M. Hogan, belongs to the complainants, subject to the right of Patrick M. Hogan to the use of such portion thereof as is necessary for his proper maintenance and support.
(5) Upon the death of Patrick M. Hogan, said real estate and such personal property as has not been used and consumed by said Patrick M. Hogan, for his proper maintenance and support will become the absolute property of the complainants.
(6) The complainants to recover costs of both courts to be taxed.