50 Pa. Commw. 517 | Pa. Commw. Ct. | 1980
Opinion by
The sole issue raised by this appeal is whether the receipt of termination benefits disqualifies a claimant from receiving unemployment compensation benefits pursuant to Sections 4(u) and 404 of the Unemployment Compensation Law (Law), Act of December 5, 1936, Second Ex. Sess., P.L. [1937] 2897, as amended,
The facts of this case are not in dispute. Vincent M. Hock (Claimant) was employed as a corporate attorney by Lehigh Portland Cement Company (Employer) from April 1, 1968 until September 28, 1978, his last day of work. Employer terminated Claimant’s position on that date because of a desire to reduce the size of its staff. At the time of the termination, Claimant was receiving a salary of $2,850.00 per month. Upon his termination, Claimant received a lump sum payment of $1,183.86 representing vacation pay. He was maintained on Employer’s payroll until December 15, 1978. During that time, he received payments amounting to 11 weeks of his prior salary and various fringe benefits. The salary payments were based on his service with Employer — one week’s salary for each year of employment.
Following the termination, Claimant applied for unemployment compensation benefits. His application was refused by the Bureau (now Office) of Employment Security (Bureau) on the basis that he was not “unemployed” as that term is defined in Section 4(u) of the Law. Claimant appealed the Bureau’s decision and following a brief hearing at which Claimant and Employer’s representative testified, the referee affirmed the Bureau’s determination. Claimant appealed the referee’s decision to the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review (Board) which remanded the matter to the referee for the purpose of taking further testimony on certain issues. Neither Claimant nor Employer offered further testimony at the remand hearing, but Claimant did submit a letter addressing the issues raised by the Board. The Board then affirmed the referee’s earlier decision and Claimant appealed that order to this Court.
In 1949, when Fazio was decided, Section 4(u) of the Law read:
‘Unemployment’ — An individual shall be deemed unemployed with respect to any week during which he performs no services and with respect to which no remuneration is paid or payable to him, or with respect to any week of less than his full-time work if the remuneration paid or payable to him with respect to such week is less than his weekly benefit rate: Provided, That for the purposes of this subsection, (i) vacation pay and similar payments, whether or not legally required to be paid, and (ii) wages in lieu of notice, separation allowances, dismissal wages and similar payments, which are legally required to be paid, shall be deemed, in accordance with rules and regulations of the department, remuneration paid or payable with respect to the iveek or weeks for which such payments are made. (Emphasis added.)
Between the dates of the Fazio and Parker decisions, Section 4(u) was amended several times. Each time, however, the Section retained the proviso that separation allowances, dismissal wages, and similar payments were to be considered remuneration paid or payable with respect to the week or weeks for which
‘Unemployed ’
An individual shall be deemed unemployed (I) with respect to any week (i) during which he performs no services for which remuneration is paid or payable to him and (ii) with respect to which no remuneration is paid or payable to him, or (II) with respect to any week of less than his full-time work if the remuneration paid or payable to him with respect to such week is less than his weekly benefit rate plus his partial benefit credit.
For the reasons which follow, we hold that Section 4(u) does not preclude a claimant who receives dismissal wages from receiving unemployment compensation benefits as well.
First, we note that “A change of language in subsequent statutes on the same matter indicates a change of legislative intent. ’ ’ Haughey v. Dillon, 379 Pa. 1, 6, 108 A.2d 69, 72 (1954). Masland v. Bachman, 473 Pa. 280, 289, 374 A.2d 517, 521 (1977); Nemitz v. Air Services International, 7 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 373, 379, 298 A.2d 654, 657 (1972). The legislature’s deletion in 1964 of the proviso in Section 4(u) relating to severance or dismissal wages is strong indication of its intention to change the meaning of that section. Our Supreme Court recently reached a similar conclusion in Buss v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 487 Pa. 610, 410 A.2d 779 (1980).
In Buss, the issue was whether a claimant on indefinite leave from work and eligible to receive accumulated vacation pay was ineligible for unemployment compensation benefits. The Court held there that the amendment to Section 4(u) coupled with an
Second, a plain reading of Section 4(u) and the application of the Law to the facts of this case reinforce our holding. An individual shall be deemed unemployed with respect to any week during which he or she (1) performs no services for which remuneration is paid or payable and (2) with respect to which no remuneration is paid or payable. Claimant was dismissed from his employment on September 28, 1978. He performed no services for Employer after that date and there can be no question that he met the first requirement of unemployment. The more difficult question is whether the payments he received between September 28, 1978 and December 15, 1978 disqualify him pursuant to the second requirement.
The key to determining that issue is an understanding of the phrase “with respect to which.” Merely because the payments were made during the weeks at issue does not mean that they were made with respect to those weeks. The Unemployment Compensation Law does not define the term “remuneration.” The standard judicial definition of the term, however, is “payment for services performed.” Gianfelice Unemployment Compensation Case, 396 Pa. 545, 555, 153 A.2d 906, 911 (1959). The question, then, is when were the services performed for which Claimant received payment. Clearly, they were performed between April
The Board argues that this Court’s opinion in Hyduchak v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 35 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 575, 387 A.2d 669 (1978) is controlling on the issue before us now and mandates that we hold that Claimant is ineligible for unemployment compensation benefits. The difference between Hyduchak and this case is the difference between regular wages and termination benefits. In Hyduchak, claimants, who were school teachers, had the option of receiving a lump sum payment equaling the biweekly pay which they would normally receive over the summer months or of continuing to receive their biweekly checks throughout the summer. The claimants chose the latter and also applied for unemployment compensation benefits. We held that the
Finally, although we do not find decisions from other jurisdictions controlling on the issue before us, we do find them persuasive. In the overwhelming majority of jurisdictions in which the issue has been considered, the courts have determined that the receipt of dismissal or severance benefits will not disqualify a claimant from also receiving unemployment compensation benefits. See, e.g., State Department of Industrial Relations v. Deslattes, 372 So. 2d 867 (Ala. Civ. App. 1979); Industrial Commission of Colorado v. Sirokman, 134 Colo. 481, 306 P.2d 669 (1957); Meakins v. Huiet, 100 Gra. App. 557, 112 S.E.2d 167 (1959); Kroger Co. v. Blumenthal, 13 Ill. 2d 222, 148 N.E.2d 734 (1958); Southwestern Bell Telephone Co. v. Employment Security Board of Review, 189 Kan. 600, 371
We are not unmindful of the ramifications of our decision today. In reality, those persons who are dismissed from their employment for no fault of their own and who are provided with dismissal or severance benefits will now be able to apply for unemployment compensation as well. The problem, however, is not one for the Courts, but rather for the legislature. We have interpreted the Unemployment Compensation Law as it is written. Although the outcome may be economically unfortunate for all but a few claimants, it is true to the Law. As we have noted, at one time the legislature prohibited claimants from receiving both dismissal benefits and unemployment compensation benefits. It may do so again. Furthermore, if employers disagree with our result they may discontinue dismissal benefits of this nature.
Order
And Now, this 16th day of April, 1980, the Order of the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, Decision No. B-168122, dated January 19, 1979, is reversed and this case is remanded for a computation of benefits due Claimant Vincent M. Hock.
Prior to 1971, Section 404(d) of the Law required that severance or separation allowances or dismissal wages be deducted from the total unemployment compensation due a claimant. That provision was deleted by Section 18 of the Act of September 27, 1971, P.L. 460. Section 404(d) as it exists today does not require that unemployment compensation benefits be reduced by such payments.