56 S.E. 693 | N.C. | 1907
It appears from the case agreed that the land in (118) controversy was partitioned in 1897 by decree of the Superior Court of Duplin in a proceeding to which this plaintiff and defendant, and all the other owners, were parties, except the children of Pallie Whaley. The final decree confirming the partition was entered 5 March, 1857. In August, 1903, defendant Brown acquired title to the share of the Whaley children. It is contended that he is estopped by the principles laid down in Carter v. White,
In an able and learned argument. Mr. Allen, of counsel for defendant, asks us to overrule the last decision rendered in Carter v. White *84
When the Carter case was before this Court at August Term, 1902, it was held that defendant was not estopped. It is said in the opinion: "so the plaintiff's contention is that, by reason of said decree, defendant is estopped from setting up his interest acquired from Lane, notwithstanding Land was not party to the special proceeding."
The Superior Court held with the plaintiffs, and this Court said:
"In so holding his Honor was in error." When the case was (119) considered again at Spring Term, 1904, the purport and general scope of the opinion of 1902 was recognized in both the opinion of the Court and the dissenting opinion of the Chief Justice.
Between the promulgation of the two decisions this defendant purchased the outstanding interests of the Whaley Children. In so doing we think he is protected by the principles of law set forth in the opinion of this Court in
We deduce the well settled principle from a number of authorities, that the law of contract enters into the contract itself and, in the construction, forms a part of it. It is practically, a dormant stipulation in the contract, and it must be enforced as a part of it and as it is construed at the time the contract is made. Napier v. Jones,
In Haskett v. Maxey, supra the court held: "The construction of a statute of descent established by the decisions of the courts at the time of a quit-claim by heirs claiming under the statute becomes a part of the contract and must govern the rights of the parties as against a different construction thereafter adopted by overruling the former decision. "
In Farrior v. Mortgage Co., 12 L.R.A. 856, the Supreme Court of Alabama says: "Persons contracting are presumed to know the existing law, but neither they nor their legal advisers are expected to (120) know the law better than the courts, or to know that the law. *85
will be at some future day. Any principle or rule which deprives a person of property acquired by him, or the benefit of the contract entered into in reliance upon and strict compliance with the law in all respects as interpreted and promulgated by the Court of last resort at the time of the transaction, and no fault can be imputed to him, unless it be held a fault not to foresee and provide against future alterations in the construction of the law, must be radically wrong. Such a principle or rule of law would clog business transactions, unsettle title, and destroy all confidence in the decisions of the Supreme Court of the State." The principle is recognized by recent decisions of our own Court. In S. v. Bell,
In a case of great importance at last term the subject is elaborately considered by Mr. Justice Walker and the principle we apply in this case fully recognized and applied there. Hill v. R. R.,
We think, upon well established authority, supported by sound principles of justice and public policy, that the defendant is not estopped from setting up his interest in the land acquired in 1903. Upon the agreed facts, the judgment of the Superior Court is
Reversed.
Cited: Mason v. Cotton Co.,