Heath v. Garrett, 50 Tex. 264

50 Tex. 264 | Tex. | 1878

Gould, Associate Justice.

Garrett, suing for the use of Wallace & Co., recovered a judgment establishing a claim against the estate of M. H. Heath, deceased, and enforcing a vendor’s lien on certain land of the estate. The administrator, by writ of error, brought that judgment to this court for revision, where it was reformed so as to remand it to the County Court of Bains county for further proceedings for its enforcement, but was otherwise affirmed. (Heath v. Garrett, 46 Tex., 23.) On May 2,1877, Garrett applied to the County Court of Bains county, sitting as a court of probate, for an order to sell the lands which had been decreed subject to the vendor’s lien, for the satisfaction of said judgment. The administrator, having been cited, answered the application, alleging, in substance, part payment of the judgment after its rendition in the District Court by the delivery of cotton to Garrett, failure of title to the land on which the lien was enforced, and that the heirs of M. H. Heath, deceased, were necessary parties. The County Court impanelled a jury of six, and submitted to them the disputed issue of part payment in cotton, and the jury having found that issue in favor of the administrator, the court ordered the sale of the land for the payment of the balance only of the judgment. From this judgment Garrett appealed to the District Court. In that court the defendant again pleaded the same defenses, winding up with a prayer for injunction against the enforcement of the judgment, except as to the balance remaining after crediting the cotton, and with a prayer for general relief. The plaintiff excepted to this answer generally and specially, the grounds of special exception being that the matters therein set up had been or should have been adjudicated by another court, and that the Probate (County) Court had no jurisdiction of the subject-matter set up in the answer. The court sustained the exceptions to defendant’s amended answer, and the record recites: “ Said cause then coming on for trial, the questions of law and facts being submitted to the court,” proceeding to order the administrator to sell the land to satisfy the plaintiff’s judgment. The administrator appeals to this court, assigning as error the sustaining of exceptions to his answer.

The record does not contain the appeal bond by which the case was removed from the County to the District Court, though it does show that notice of appeal was given, and that the amount of the appeal bond was fixed by the county judge. We have had some doubt as to our jurisdiction in this state of the record. Regularly, the transcript should show that the appeal from the County to the District Court was perfected. By rule 1.09 for the District Court, the transcript in such cases “ shall not contain anything which docs not relate to the order, judgment, or decree appealed from”; but this was not designed to exclude notices of appeal and appeal bonds from w'hich the jurisdiction of the District Court may appear.

The District Court, however, assumed jurisdiction without objection, and no such objection is made in this court; and we think that the presumption is that the bond was actually given, and that it has merely been omitted in the transcript sent to this court. The presumptions in favor of the jurisdiction of the District Court are more analogous to those in a case where a judgment is collaterally attacked, than to a case of judgment by default brought to this court for revision, or to a case where the record fails to show a perfected appeal to this court. The court and the parties having assumed that the bond was giveii, we will dispose of the case on that presumption. For the same reason, we must assume that the thirty days’ notice which the statute requires to be posted in all cases of application to sell the lands of an estate was given, although the record is silent on the subject. (Gen. Laws, 15th Leg., act regulating proceedings in estates, &c., secs. 72, 77.)

The exceptions to the answer were rightly sustained, in so far as it sought to go behind the judgment and again litigate the validity of the claim, and in so far as it objected that the heirs of the deceased were not made parties. On the latter point, see sections 72 and 77 of the probate act of 1876, just cited. (See also Guilford v. Love, 49 Tex., 715.)

That part of the answer alleging part payment in cotton, regarded as an answer or defense to the application for an order of sale, was also defective.

Certainly it was sufficient to defeat the application in the County Court to produce a receipt showing payment. If the judgment had been paid, either in whole or in part, and the administrator had failed to have the satisfaction entered of record,, and failed to provide himself with such receipts as would clearly establish the fact of payment, he might still protect the estate from its unjust enforcement by applying in the proper way to a tribunal empowered to grant equitable relief in the premises. When the fact of payment is contested and is sought to be established by parol evidence, the County Court is not the proper tribunal for such litigation. If such a defense is set up to a judgment or to an established claim, the enforcement of that judgment or claim is not to' be delayed to await the result of the litigation, unless the necessary affidavit is made and bond for injunction given for the protection of the holder,. To entertain, either in the County or District Court, such a defense, presented as this was, would be to give the defendant or judgment debtor the benefit of an injunction without bond or affidavit. At common law, an audita querela was no supersedeas and did not stop execution. (Turner v. Davis, 2 Saund., p. 148e; Bac. Abr., p. 517, title Audita Querela.) In Alabama, where there is a statutory remedy to stop the collection of a judgment claimed to be paid, the applicant must give a bond to obtain a supersedeas. (Bruce v. Barnes, 20 Ala., 219; Bower v. Saltmarsh, 19 Ala., 274; Edwards v. Lewis, 16 Ala., 813; Faulkner v. Chandler, 11 Ala., 725.) The District Court, if properly appealed to, was certainly competent to grant relief, and may yet grant it; but it did not err in refusing to retard the enforcement of the judgment by entertaining the defense made.

The judgment entry, moreover, leaves it uncertain whether the District Court did not, although sustaining exceptions to the answer, proceed to hear the evidence on the issue of payment.

The record is so defective that it would, of itself, constitute a sufficient reason for refusing to reverse the judgment. The answer, on the sufficiency of which we are called to pass, refers to sundry exhibits which might materially affect it, but none of which appear in the record. Because we find no error justifying a reversal, the judgment is affirmed.

Judgment affirmed.