28 P. 433 | Idaho | 1891
The plaintiff is the owner and possessed of an undivided seven-eighths interest in the Niagara placer mining claim, situated in the Coeur d’Alene mining district, Shoshone county, Idaho. The defendant is the owner of one-eighth interest in the same claim. Defendant, on or about the fifteenth day of June, 1891, took possession of a portion of said claim. Defendant is also the sole owner of a large stream of water, estimated at six hundred and fifty inches, with pipes,, flumes, and other hydraulic machinery for conveying said water to and upon said placer ground, as well as other ground of the same character adjacent thereto. The defendant company has worked off a section of said claim during the season of 1891, without the consent and against the protest of the plaintiff. It is also admitted that the defendant is by the means aforesaid extracting the gold from said claim, and converting it to its own use. That the only value of said ground is the gold contained therein, and that said company refuses to sell said water to said plaintiff at any price that can be agreed upon. That the plaintiff, although the owner of an undivided seven-eighths of said ground, is practically excluded from any part or lot in the management of said work; that the defendant company, by its own men, foreman, and superintendent, works said ground to suit itself, without the consent of plaintiff, but invited plaintiff to come in and work with said defend
Work and labor expended.....:......... .... $2,108.96
Use of tools and appliances.................. 50.75
Charge for water .......................... 1,510.06
Total..............................$3,669.77
In his affidavit, filed August 3, 1891, said Coulter furnishes the amount of gold extracted, which he says is a partial cleanup, which amount is $1,978.67. The record here is largely made up of affidavits of a number of witnesses and experts— those on the part of plaintiff, introduced for the purpose of showing that the defendant was wasting and losing gold by reason of the bad and expensive manner of defendant’s working; those on the part of the defendant were introduced for the purpose of contradicting those of plaintiff, and to show that defendant was working said placer mine in an economical and careful manner. The court below, after considering said affidavits and the allegations of the parties, dissolved the temporary restraining order, refused to appoint a receiver, and refused the injunction. From said order the said plaintiff takes an appeal to this court. In the view we take of this case., it
Section 3300 of the Revised Statutes of Idaho, is as follows:
“A mining partnership exists when two or more persons, who own or acquire a mining claim for the purpose of working it, and extracting the mineral therefrom, actually engage in working the same.” It is not necessary that all the co-owners in a mining claim shall engage in working a mine, together or separately. The partnership exists without an agreement, either express or implied. Section 3301 is as follows: “An express agreement to become partners, or to share the profits and losses, is not necessary to the formation or existence of a mining partnership. The relation arises from the ownership of shares or interests in the mine and working the same for the purpose of extracting the ores therefrom.” The relation differs from that of tenants in common, in this: that the co-owners in a mine are partners without agreement to become such, while tenants in common are not, except by agreement. The necessity for this relationship arises from the character of the property, as in working a mine the very life, the substance, the sole value of the property is taken out and carried away, leaving the ground from whence the precious metal is taken barren and worthless for. mining purposes, which in this case, as in others of like nature, is its sole and only value. This partnership is admitted by the defendant, as it admits that the plaintiff is entitled to seven-eighths of the proceeds after paying the same proportion of expenses, and so it is specified in the statute (section 3302) : “A member of a mining partnership shares in the profits and losses thereof in the proportion which the*245 interest or share he owns in the mine bears to the whole partnership capital or whole number of shares.” The mine is the partnership capital, whether purchased with partnership or individual funds, and so says the statute (section 3304) : “The mining ground owned and worked by partners in mining, whether purchased with partnership funds or not, is partnership property.” From the foregoing provisions it follows that those owning a majority of the shares or interests in a mining partnership have the right to control its methods of worldng, and thus says the statute (section 3309) : “The decision of the members owning a majority of the shares or interests in a mining partnership binds it in the conduct of its business.”
In Dougherty v. Creary, 30 Cal. 300, 89 Am. Dec. 116, the court says: “It is indispensable to the conducting of the business of mining that those owning the major portion of the property should have the control, in case all cannot agree.” Further on the court says: “It might and often would work great inconvenience and damage to the minority in interest of a mining partnership, if the majority were allowed to do as they might deem to their own advantage regardless of the rights and interests of the minority. But, notwithstanding the danger of the abuse of power in such cases, what may be necessary and proper for carrying on the business of mining for the joint benefit of all concerned must be determined by those owning and holding in the aggregate the major part of the property”; and, if the power thus held and exercised by the majority is used in a manner that will imperil or disastrously affect the interests of the minority, the latter has the right to resort to the court for redress and protection, It was long since decided by the courts that a mining partnership differed from-an ordinary partnership in many of its features, among which are the following: It is formed without any express agreement between the parties existing from joint ownership in a mine and working the same. One partner may sell his interest without the consent of the others, or die, and the partnership is not dissolved. A new owner may purchase an interest in the mine, or inherit it, and he becomes a mining partner in the working thereof. (Duryea v. Burt; 28 Cal. 579.) It differs from an ordinary partnership in another respect, also, in that, as stated