75 Tenn. 124 | Tenn. | 1881
delivered the opinion of the court.
The prisoners were convicted of robbery and sentenced to eight years confinement íd the penitentiary, and have appealed to this court.
The reversal of the judgment is sought upon the ground that the conviction was had upon the uncorroborated evidence of Dock Moore and Houston Moore, who are alleged to have been accessaries after the fact, or accomplices ' in the offense.
Dock and Houston Moore tell substantially the-same story, — that on the evening of the robbery the prisoners proposed to rob the prosecutor, as they had no money for Christmas; they discouraged the proposition, and supposed it was made in jest, but that night the prisoners returned, and said they had robbed hi in and got $250, and subsequently gave to each of the Moores- thirty dollars, threatening them if they told it. One twenty dollar bill was given to one of the Moores and by him passed off, and subsequently identified as one of the bills of which the prosecutor had been robbed. The other Moore also passed off some small amount of the money given to him. The residue of what they received was, however, restored by them to the prosecutor.
The court charged the jury, if they found that the Moores received a part of the money knowing it to have been stolen, they should not credit their testimony unless corroborated in one or more material facts, as they would in such case be accomplices after
An accessary after the fact is usually defined to be one who, knowing a felony has been committed, shields or assists the felon to enable him to elude punishment: Bouv. Law Diet., 44; 1 Bish. Cr. L., sec. 634.
An accomplice is one who is associated with others in the commission of a crime, all being principals, although the term is sometimes used to include all the participants in a crime, whether as principals or accessaries: 1 Bouv. Law Diet., 21, citing 1 Buss on Cr., 26.
The witnesses (Moores), under / the strict legal definition, were not accomplices, as there is no evidence of their participation in the robbery.
' An accomplice may be a witness: 1 Gr. Ev., sec. 379. Ah accessary is not competent to testify for his principal: 1 Gr. Ev., sec. 407.
Mr. Eiishop says “the books ar’e not clear upon the question of when a man becomes an accessary to another’s felony, and when he commits a substantive crime,” but adds, there are cases in which he may be
If the Moores were guilty of any offense, it was the substantive máme of receiving stolen goods, or for compounding a felony. But they were not indicted for this or other offense, and being neither accomplices nor accessaries, they were competent witnesses, and the jury could weigh their evidence and give it such weight as they thought it entitled to. Undoubtedly their credibility might be greatly impaired by their own statements of their connection with the parties, and receiving and using the money, which they knew was stolen; still, the prisoners have had the full benefit of this impeachment of their credibility, in the charge of the court, that the jury should not believe them unless corroborated in one or more material facts.
The jury, notwithstanding, have believed them, and we cannot say that they were not warranted in so doing. The circuit judge was satisfied with the finding, and the judgment will be affirmed.