Hancock v. Beasley
91 P. 735
N.M.
1907
Check Treatment

OPINION OP THE COURT.

MANN, J.

1 -This cause was tried before Honorable Frank W. Parker, of the Third Judicial District in the District Court of Dona Ana county, a jury having been waivеd by both parties as is shown by an order appearing on page 7 of the record, so that the first, third and fourth assignments of error, which question only the findings of fact of the trial court, may be disposed of under one general head, viz: whether there was any substantiаl evidence to support such findings, it being well settled by this court that when there is any substantial evidence to support findings of fact mаde by the Trial Court this court will not disturb such findings. The numerous eases in which this rule has been adhered to by this court are cited by Mr. Justice Parker in the opinion of the court in Candelaria v. Miera, 84 Pac. 1020.

These assignments complain of the findings of the Trial Court that the defendant, Geоrge R. Beasley, converted to his own use one hundred and twenty-five head of Angora goats branded, some with a cross and somе with a bar C of the property of appellee and in rendering judgment accordingly. Counsel on either side quote at great length in their briefs, from the evidence of the various witnesses which is quite voluminous and need not be set out here, but while there is a conflict in the testimony, that offered on behalf of appellant tending to contradict that offered by the appellee, yet we cannot say that the Trial Court erred in finding for the appellee, in fact we think he was fully justified in so doing, even from the bare record of the transcript of the evidence and how much stronger such, evidence may appear to one whо sees the living witnesses, notes their manner of testifying, their apparent candor while upon the witness stand, and the numerous other elements entering into the question of their credibility, we cannot ascertain. Burden of proof cannot be measured accurately from a transcript of questions and answers, experience teaches us that demeanor of witnesses, their knоwn credibility or otherwise, may have great bearing upon the words employed by them in testifying.

The second assignment of error by appellant, is “That, the court erred in not granting a new trial on the ground of newly discovered ‍​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌‍evidence of James M. McDugal for thе reasons set forth in defendant's motion for a new trial and affidavits in support thereof.”

“Applications for new trials becаuse of newly discovered evidence are looked upon by the courts with distrust. In the absence of statute, or when a statute expressly provides for what causes a new trial will be granted and newly discovered evidence is not one of them, no new trial will be granted on this ground.” 12 Cyc. 734 and eases cited.

This court has laid down rules under which a new trial may be granted on the grounds of newly disсovered ■evidence in Territory v. Claypool and Lueras, 11 N. M. 568, as follows :

“The rule of law is, that a new trial will not be granted on a mеre showing that new evidence has been discovered. ‍​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌‍Newly discovered evidence, in order to be suf-. ficient, must fulfill all the following requirements, to-wit:

1. It must be such as will probably change the result if a new trial is granted.

2. It must have been discovered since the trial.

3. It must be such as could not have been discovered before the trial by the exercise of due diligence.

4. It must be material to the issue.

5. It must not be merely cumulative ‍​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌‍to the former ■ evidence.

2 Compared by these rules, which have been adopted almost universally by the courts of this country as the true

6. It must not be merely impeaching оr contradictory to the former evidence.” See also 12 Cyc. 734; Berry v. State, 10 Ga. 511; Howard v. State, 36 Fla. 21, 17 So. 84; 14 Enc. Pl. & Pr. 791-792. measure of an application for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence, it will readily appear that the Trial Court was not in error in overruling the motion for a new trial. The affidavits of Mc-Dugal and Graham attached to the motion only tend to. contradict the testimony of Hancock as to the number of goats counted in MeDugal’s herd in the pitchfork • brand, and it does not appear that the evidеnce alleged to have been discovered would change the result of the trial. In point of fact, the Trial Court sitting as a jury upon the questions of fact involved, heard the affidavits and by overruling the motion held, in effect, that no ‍​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌‍such result would ensue, even thоugh the witnesses appeared before him and gave oral testimony to the same effect. Nor does the bare statеment that Appellant could not with due diligence have discovered and produced the evidence at the trial suffice, he should state that such facts were not within liis knowledge or that of his counsel at the time of the trial, and that he did not know and could not apprehend that these witnesses might be material witnesses in his behalf. On the contrary it appears from the testimony of both appellants that they knew of the purchase of a part of the Phillip’s goats by McDugal, at least by hearsay, (pp. 81 аnd 101 Eecord.)

It is urged in the 5th and 6th assignments of error that the court erred in admitting parol evidence of the ownership of the goаts in evidence, by allowing the proof of appellee’s brands by parol instead of requiring the certificate of the record of the brands.

3 In Territory v. Smith, (N. M.) 78 Pac. 42, this court held that where title to animals, the subject of larceny, is sought to be established by brand, a certificate of the recorded brand must be shown under Sec. 67 of the Compiled Laws of 1897, and that under the peculiar cir-eumstances of that case defendant did not waive the omission of offering such certificate by failing to object to the questions calling fоr the oral testimony at the time they were propounded, but in that case, at the close of tbe evidence offered by tbe Territory, tbe defense moved to" strike the oral testimony offered as to tbe brands and it was then held that sneh motion was not tоo late to save the right. In the case at bar it is conceded by Appellant’s counsel that no objection was made to the introduction of the oral evidence of Hancock’s -ownership, by reason of the brands to which he testified, nor dоes any motion to strike it appear in the record.

The statutory method of proving ownership by the 'brand certificate, wаs therefore waived ‍​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌‍by appellant. 3 Jones on Evidence, Sec. 898; 4 Elliott on Evidence, Sec. 3217.

We see no error in the record, and the judgment of the •court below is affirmed.