450 S.E.2d 293 | Ga. Ct. App. | 1994
Defendant Hall appeals his conviction of a felony offense of obstruction of a law enforcement officer (by doing violence to the person of a correctional officer). Held:
“[Defendant] first contends that he was denied a fair and impartial trial because he was required to wear leg irons [and be accompanied by prison guards] throughout the trial. ‘Art. I, Sec. I, Par. XI of the (1983) Georgia Constitution mandates that “(i)n criminal cases, the defendant shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury.” “ ‘(A) defendant being tried for a criminal offense on a plea of not guilty was entitled, at common law, to make his appearance free
The question of whether there are appropriate special circumstances such as authorize a trial court to require unusual security precautions which infringe upon the presumption that defendant is innocent requires detailed, demonstrable evidence set forth in the record. Martinez v. State, 189 Ga. App. 69, 72 (2) (375 SE2d 123). At the hearing on defendant’s motion to be tried without the additional security precautions of leg irons and correctional officers in the courtroom, the State presented only one witness, a former administrative assistant at Roger’s Correctional Institute where the incident giving rise to the offense at issue occurred. This witness testified that defendant was serving a sentence for armed robbery, had a security classification of “high max,” and that based on this classification and the then pending charge which is now on appeal, she felt defendant would be a security risk in the courtroom. On cross-examination it became apparent that subsequent to the incident at Roger’s Correctional Institute, defendant had been transferred to the Georgia State Prison, and the witness stated that the records to which she was referring indicated that after his transfer to Georgia State Prison, defendant had flooded his cell and had “projected liquid items, hot liquid items. . . .”
As to the incidents at Georgia State Prison, it is clear that the testimony was entirely hearsay and thus without probative value. Harden v. State, 210 Ga. App. 673, 675 (1) (436 SE2d 756). The bare fact of defendant’s armed robbery conviction does not provide the exceptional circumstances authorizing the trial judge to put defendant on his trial in leg irons and accompanied by correctional officers. Reid v. State, 210 Ga. App. 783, 785 (1), supra. The general security classification assigned to defendant reflects the opinion held of defendant
Judgment reversed.