71 W. Va. 453 | W. Va. | 1912
Divers criticisms of the declaration in this case, filed against a street railway company and a natural gas company, as joint tortfeasors, by a lady, for personal injuries occasioned by a wrongful act alleged to have been done by their servants acting jointly, are made, in the effort to sustain the action of the trial court in sustaining the demurrer thereto, and dismissing the action, on her refusal to amend.
The assertion of the relation of passenger and carrier, in the statement of the attendant facts, whether with or without in
After the narration of plaintiff’s trip on the railway company’s car, as a passenger, from a station called Rosemar, to a certain point in the city3- of Parkersburg, at which she left it, and the carriage by the same car to the same point of a number of servants of the gas company, together with a lot of heavy tools used by them in the business of their employer, and then in their possession and control, the declaration charges, in substance, that the agents, servants and employes of both defendants, while jointly engaged in removing the tools from the car, an,d in furtherance of the business of the defendants, respectively, negligently, recklessly and without care for the plaintiff and other persons on the street, threw the same from the car to the street where the plaintiff was passing from the car to the sidewalk, and struck her and injured her leg between the knee and ankle and also her foot and both anides.
Our rules of pleading require no particular form of allegation, and, in actions of trespass on the case for injury by negligence, it suffices to set forth in general terms the injury, the instrumentality or means thereof, when it was occasioned by an affirmative act, or the particular omission of duty, when it resulted from a mere omission, and then aver that the act or omission was negligent. Bralley v. Railway Co., 66 W. Va. 462; Veith v. Salt. Co., 51 W. Va. 96.
Though possibly informal and untechnical, the allegation as to the relation of the servants to the defendants and the business of the latter, is sufficient. It says the agents, servants and employes, while jointly engaged in removing the tools from the
The court cannot do away with the force and effect of the general charge of relation of master and servant in the act or omission complained of, upon the assumption of a classification of servants or division of ivork. among them. Under our practice, this is matter of proof. The court cannot say as matter of law or judicial cognizance that the servants of a street railway company acted beyond the scope of their duty in assisting in the removal, from one of its cars, of tools and appliances carried on it, together with servants of another company in charge of them, no matter whether they are baggage or freight, or either, nor that the servants of the other company, in assisting in the removal of the same tools and appliances acted beyond the scope of their authority. Under some sort of relation between the defendants, no matter what, tools were in the car of the railway company used in its business, and the necessity of their removal therefrom to prevent interruption of such use was obvious. At the same time, they were owned by the gas company, wherefore it had right to take them and its servants engaged in the act of removal. Whether there was necessity for joint action, or any rules or instructions were violated by any servant of either defendant in taking part in that work, or the lack of authority or justification, if any, absolved the master from liability, are all matters of law and fact for disposition in the course of the trial. To require anticipation thereof in the declaration would impose vast labor upon the plaintiff and expose her to great hazard, without any corresponding advantage to the defendants other than that resulting from useless weight of procedure placed upon her by the court The declaration charges as matter of fact that the servants of both undertook jointly to re
The argument in support of the objection of misjoinder of parties, based upon the inequality of duty, treating the plaintiff as suing in the character of a passenger, has already been disposed of. Her action is for injury while a pedestrian in the street. There the duties of the defendants were equal. Each was bound to abstain from negligent acts working injury to her.
As such duty is imposed by law, averment thereof in terms is unnecessary. It arises from the relation and situation of the parties, and the mere statement thereof in proper connection makes the declaration good.
As the declaration is clearly good, the judgment will be reversed, the demurrers overruled and the case remanded.
Reversed and Remanded.