190 S.W.2d 39 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1945
Reversing.
Appellee, Mrs. Florence Hampton, recovered a judgment of $12,000 against appellant, H. S. Theatres Company, for personal injuries sustained when a seat in its theatre in Newport gave way while she was attending *678 a show as a paid admission and threw her to the floor. Only two grounds are urged for reversal of the judgment: (a) the verdict is excessive; (b) erroneous instructions.
Mrs. Hampton was attending the show with her husband, who was seated next to her. A few moments after she took this particular seat the bottom gave way and she fell fourteen inches to the concrete floor of the theatre, landing in a sitting position with her feet and legs under the row of seats in front of the one she was occupying. The petition alleged that Mrs. Hampton received painful and permanent injuries to her spine and coccyx, and she sought to recover $30,000 in damages.
Appellee's evidence is to the effect that she suffered greatly as the result of this fall and that she is now, and has been since the accident, under the care of a physician, and that her suffering has been continuous; that she is highly nervous, has lost weight, her hair has turned gray since her injury, and that she is unable to do her housework or to engage in social activities requiring any exertion, such as dancing, hiking, fishing, etc. Her symptoms are wholly subjective and none of the examinations made by three physicians (one of whom, Doctor Edward Hermann, was her personal physician) disclosed any objective symptoms; nor did any of the X-rays taken of her back or coccyx show any injury.
When asked how long he thought his patient, Mrs. Hampton, should continue treatment, and whether she would definitely improve, Doctor Hermann replied, "I can't very well tell. I can't tell you how long she will be sick, but from her past progress I will say some little time.
"Q. Is it permanent? A. I think I would have to speak with reservations but probably it is. * * *"
Doctor John L. Pythian and Doctor Sidney Lange (the latter an X-ray specialist) testified definitely that Mrs. Hampton's injury was not permanent. Doctor Lange gave it as his opinion that she was only suffering from "litigation neurosis."
The rule in this jurisdiction is that when a verdict for personal injuries is so large that it can be sustained only if the injuries are permanent, there must be positive and satisfactory evidence of permanency, Louisville *679
N. R. Co. v. Gregory,
The court erred in instructing on permanent injuries since we have many times written that the testimony of expert or professional witnesses that there is a possibility orprobability of permanency of the injuries is not the positive and satisfactory type of evidence required to take the case to the jury on that question. Consolidated Coach Corporation v. Eckler,
The instructions are subject to criticism as to their form. They set out at length and minutely each separate injury claimed to have been suffered by appellee, which in effect gives undue prominence to her evidence. Greenway v. Watson,
The judgment is reversed for proceedings consistent with this opinion.