63 Tex. Civ. App. 231 | Tex. App. | 1910
Mrs. E. J. Brooks, widow of F. J. Brooks, deceased, and their two minor children, brought suit in the District Court of Milam County, to recover damages on account of the death of said F. J. Brooks, alleged to have been occasioned by the negligence of the defendant company, the appellant herein.
The undisputed facts show that F. J. Brooks was a section foreman on the G-., C. & S. F. railroad, living at Cameron; that on the evening previous to his death he received orders from the roadmaster to report next morning with his crew at Milano; that he left Cameron about 6:20'
The evidence was sufficient to raise the following issues of fact: (1) Was Brooks negligent in not sooner discovering the approaching passenger train? (2) Was the negligence of Brooks, if any, the proximate cause of his injury? (3) Did Brooks, after reaching a place of safety, return to a place of danger for the purpose of trying to prevent the train from being wrecked? (4) If so, was he guilty of negligence in so doing? (5) Was his conduct in this regard rash and reckless? (6) Was the engineer on the passenger train guilty of negligence in not sooner discovering the position and peril of Brooks? (7) Did said engineer make proper efforts to stop the train, after discovering Brooks’ peril? (8) Was the negligence, if any, of appellant’s servants who were operating the passenger train, the proximate cause of the death of Brooks?
All of these issues were submitted to the jury and by them determined against appellant, and unless the court erred in its manner of submitting these issues or some of them, or failed to submit some other material issue, or erred in refusing to grant a continuance, or in the admission or rejection of material evidence, the judgment should be "affirmed.
1. Appellant assigns error on the refusal of the court to grant its motion for a continuance, the same being its first application for a continuance. The contention of appellant upon this assignment is (a) said motion was in full compliance with the statute; and (b) such being the case, it was entitled to a continuance as a matter of right, and the court had no discretion in the matter. There are a number of cases in this State in which the language may be found that when everything required by the statute is stated in a first application for
But however this may be, we do not think the application in this ease entitled the appellant to a continuance, because, first, it was not a literal compliance with the statute, in that it did not state the cause of the absence of the witnesses, and did not state that such cause was unknown; second, it did not show sufficient diligence, in that the absent witnesses were in the employ of the appellant. The case had been previously set down for trial on the day on which it was called, and it was not shown that the witnesses had been notified of that fact. Two of the witnesses, on account of whose absence the continuance was asked, appeared and testified in behalf of the appellees. The trial of this case lasted three days; the other witnesses mentioned in the motion for a continuance resided in the county and were in the employ of appellant, and it is not shown in the motion for new trial why they did not appear and testify. Their testimony, as set out in the motion would have been cumulative, and not on matters as to which there was any serious contest. Eor all of which reasons we hold that the court
2. The error complained of in admitting the evidence of the witness Beed to the effect that he thought that a passenger train, under the circumstances of this case, could be stopped in about 1000 feet, is harmless, inasmuch as appellant’s witness, the engineer who had charge' of the passenger train, testified to the same effect, and there was no evidence to the contrary. The objection to Seed’s testimony was that he was not shown to be an expert in this matter. Dailey v. Starr, 26 Texas, 566; Patton v. Gregory, 21 Texas, 5.20; Hunter v. Hubbard, 26 Texas, 544; Tuggle v. Hughes, 28 S. W., 63.
There was no error in admitting in evidence appellant’s rule Ho. 479, requiring engineers to sound the whistle in rounding all curves where the view is obscured, the objection to the same being that there was no evidence that the curve was obscure. There was such evidence. Turner testified: “You could not see around the curve on a handcar. It is an obscure curve, one you can not see around.” Beed testified to the same effect. It was the duty of appellant to make and enforce proper rules for the safety of its emploves. Schroeder v. Chicago & A. Ry. Co., 108 Mo., 322, 18 S. W., 1095, 18 L. R. A., 827.
Appellant objected to the testimony of Smith as to the dangers to be encountered in coming in contact with a handcar under the circumstances as shown in this case, the objection to said testimony being that it was “speculative and immaterial.” It certainly was not immaterial, in view of the contention that the deceased, at the time he was struck by the engine, was trying to prevent such collision, in order to save the lives of persons on the passenger train. It was not speculative, except in the sense that all expert testimony may be said to be speculative. Smith was shown to be an experienced engineer, and qualified to testify as an expert in this matter.
3. Appellant assigns a number of errors on the refusal of the court to give special charges as requested, all of which are overruled for the following reasons:
(a) Fifth assignment. Appellant asked the court to charge the jury as follows: “There is no evidence that the engineer of the passenger train failed ,to adopt all the means at his command, consistent with the safety of train, to stop the train after the peril was discovered, and on this issue you can not find for the plaintiffs.” There was some evidence of such failure. Johnson, one of the handcar crew, testified that it seemed to him that the train did not slow up at all; and the way the dinner buckets were knocked into the adjoining pasture would seem to corroborate his view of the matter. The engineer in charge of the passenger train, testified that upon discovering the handcar and its crew, he applied the emergency brakes. It was shown that this would have thrown at least some of the passengers off of their seats. It is not shown that any passenger felt the shock of a sudden stop. The engineer testified that he could have stopped the train in from 700 to 1200 feet. It was shown that he could have seen the handcar at a
(b) In the seventh assignment appellant complains of the refusal of the court to instruct the jury that “it was the duty of the deceased to exercise a very high degree of care to remove the handcar from the track and prevent the collision.” We do not. see how appellant can complain of the refusal to give this charge, as it would have been stronger in favor of appellees than any given on this issue; nor how it can reconcile this request with its contention in its tenth assignment of error, that there was no danger in such collision, and that it was the duty of Brooks to seek a place of safety and not attempt to remove said handcar, and that Brooks did not attempt to remove the handcar to prevent the train being wrecked, as contended under its fourteenth and sixteenth assignments of error.
(c) The eighth assignment is overruled, for the reason that the issue therein'sought to be eliminated was in fact eliminated by the failure of the court to submit the same to the jury in its main charge.
(d) The charge, refusal to give which is complained of in the ninth assignment of error, was properly refused because it requires the jury to ignore the right of the deceased to expose himself to danger to save the lives of others.
(e) The court rightly refused the requested charge as shown by the tenth assignment, because the same was on the weight of the evidence in that it assumed that if the deceased placed himself in a position of danger in attempting to remove the handcar, such act was negligence. The eleventh and thirteenth assignments of. error are overruled for the same reason.
(f) We hold that the requested charge, refusal of which is complained of under the twelfth assignment of error, was properly refused, for the reason that it assumes that the operatives of the passenger train owed the deceased no duty until they actually discovered his peril. In view of the fact that a train running behind time is liable to meet a handcar at any time, and in view of the fact that the engineer had failed to sound the whistle before entering the cut, as required to do by the rules of appellant, we think he did owe the deceased the duty to exercise ordinary care to discover him on the track.
4. The principal legal -question involved in this case is as to whether the deceased, in attempting to remove the handcar in order to prevent the passenger train from being wrecked, was bound to exercise that degree of care for his own safety that would be exercised by an ordi
Finding no error in the record, this case is affirmed.
OPINION ON MOTION FOR REHEARING.
As one of the grounds upon which appellant predicates its motion for a rehearing herein, it asserts the following proposition: “If the injured party by his negligence produces the situation that endangers the life of another, his exposure to peril in attempting to save that life would not be excused or justified.” Upon this issue the appellant requested the following special charge: “Under the evidence in this ease it was the duty of the deceased as a section foreman, to keep a lookout for approaching trains, and he had no right to assume, under the facts in evidence, that a train would not be approaching at any particular time. Flow if you believe and find from the evidence that deceased did not keep a proper lookout for approaching trains, and that under the circumstances of this case his failure so to do was negligence, and his acts in the premises produced the occasion of his subsequent death, then you are directed that plaintiffs can not recover, although you may further find and believe from the evidence, that the engineer in charge of the approaching train did not exercise the care required of him under the circumstances.”
Appellant’s ninth assignment of error was as to the refusal of the court to give this charge. Upon this we said in the opinion heretofore rendered in this case: “The charge, refusal to give which is complained of in the ninth assignment of error, was properly refused because it requires the jury to ignore the right of the deceased to expose himself to danger to save the lives of others.”
If Brooks failed to keep a proper lookout, and such failure proximately contributed to his injury, the appellees were not entitled to .recover, and the court at the request of appellant, so instructed the jury in
The jury by their verdict said that the negligence of appellant was the sole proximate cause of the death of Brooks; and if this be true the negligence of appellant was the sole proximate cause of the danger to which the passenger train was exposed, in an effort to avoid which Brooks lost his life; and this is sustained by the facts, unless Brooks, by voluntarily exposing himself to danger in order to save the passenger train from being wrecked, was guilty o'f contributory negligence. If the proposition of law embodied in the requested charge above set out, and here now insisted upon, is correct, it was error to refuse said charge. Keeping in mind the distinction between condition and cause, is said proposition correct? One who suffers injury as the result of the negligence of another can not recover damages for such injury if his own negligence contributed to the result. As a general rule, it is negligence for one to voluntarily expose himself to known danger. Why is it an exception to this rule if he does so in an effort to save another from death or serious bodily injury? Because negligence implies a failure to discharge a duty, and between the duty that one owes to look out for his own welfare, and the duty that he owes to look out for the welfare of others, to the extent at least of taking some risks to himself, the latter is the higher duty. “He saw his duty, a dead sure thing, and went for it, there and then.” And the decisions show that the courts in a Christian land are not disposed to be “Too hard on a man that died for men.” See authorities cited in the McYey case, supra. Is this any the less a duty if the conditions under which another is about negligently to inflict an injury on a third party has been brought about, by himself ? We think not. ■ Appellant should have taken notice of those conditions, which it knew, or by the exercise of ordinary care, could have known, and should have governed its action accordingly. Appellant has cited us to no authority to sustain its contention. In the absence of authority impelling us so to do, we will not hold that one thus situated, who yields to the dictates of humanity, forfeits the right of his wife and children to recover damages for his death, inflicted by the negligence of another.
We do not deem it necessary to further discuss the other grounds of appellant’s motion for rehearing. Said motion is overruled.
Affirmed.
Writ of error refused.