202 F. 685 | 8th Cir. | 1912
On April 13, 1867, a decree was ren-. dered in a suit in partition in a court of the state of Kansas, whereby the ownership of 250 acres of land at the confluence o'f the Missouri and Kansas rivers, known as the Armstrong tract, was adjudged to be as follows: Thomas Ewing, Jr., 19.42 acres, of average value thereof; Lawrence P. Graham, 8.63 acres; Thomas H. Swope, 10 acres of average value; Union Pacific Railway Company, Eastern Division, 12.07 acres, of average value; the Calhoun heirs, 1/s thereof, less 8.63 acres; the Armstrong h^irs, 3/s thereof, less 42.50 acres; David E. James 13/éS thereof; George B. Wood, 5/hs thereof; Mary •J. Wise, 1/a thereof. Commissioners were appointed by that decree to set apart in severalty to these parties their respective shares of the land. In September, 1867, they reported that 50 acres of the tract had been washed away by the rivers, that they had allotted the remainder of the 250 acres to the respective parties as described in their report, whereby 48.09 acres, of average value, were allotted to the first four parties named above, and 151.91 acres to the last five parties there mentioned. This report and allotment was confirmed and decreed by the court in October; 1867. The first four parties named had acquired their titles >by conveyances of specified numbers of undivided acres of the tract and for convenience they will be called the “acre owners.” These conveyances created a tenancy in common between them and parties who owned fractional parts- of the land, who will be termed “fractional owners,” and the effect of their deeds and of the decree was to vest in each of them title to such a portion of the value of 'the 250 acres as the number of acres decreed to each bore to the whole number of acres in the tract. For example, the Union Pacific Railway Company, Eastern Division, which' was adjudged to be the owner of 12.07 acres, of average value, was thereby in reality decreed to be the owner of 12.07/2so of the value of the 250 acres. Grider v. Wood, 178 Fed. 908, 910, 102 C. C. A. 109, 111.
By an avulsion in the spring of 1867, 50 acres of this tract was swept away by the rivers, and the commissioners and the court in the fall of 1867 partitioned only 200 acres, then above water, in the mistaken belief that the other 50 acres were irrevocably lost. After the decree of apportionment, however, 36.5 acres' of the submerged 50 acres were restored, and the controversy in this suit involves the equities of the parties in this undivided remnant of the 250-acre tract.
The complainants in .this suit, Minnie C. Groff and others, are the successors in interest of the parties who were adjudged by the decree of April 13, 1867, to have fractional interests in the 250 acres, and they are in possession of the 36.5 acres. The defendants, Warner U. Grider and’ the Missouri Land Company, have succeeded to the interests of the parties who were adjudged by that decree to be the owners of undivided acres of average value. Grider had brought, and was prosecuting, an action of ejectment against the complainants for these 36.5 acres, a dismissal of which had been reversed by this court, with directions to try it again, when the complainants exhibited this bill to enjoin the prosecution of that action and of a similar action for the same purpose, instituted by the Missouri Land Company, to
The court below found that each acre of the 236.5 was of the same average value as every other acre; that by the decree of April 13, 1867, the acre owners were adjudged to be the owners of 50.12 acres' of average value of the 250 acres, and that the fractional owners were adjudged to be the owners of the remainder; that pursuant to that decree, and under the allotment decree of October, 1867, which followed it, the acre owners received 48.09 acres of average value, so that they were still entitled to receive only 2.03 acres more out of the remaining 50 acres, but that, as only 36.5 acres had been restored, they were entitled to only 36.5/so of the 2.03 acres, or 1.482 acres. A decree was entered to that effect, and, all the parties appealed. »
The finding of the court below that each acre of the original tract, of the 200-acre tract partitioned, and of the 36.5-acre tract restored, was of like average value with all the other acres, is questioned; but it is sustained by the evidence, and the proof is conclusive that the
Counsel for the acre owners, on the other hand, insist that they are entitled to receive the same proportionate share of the value of' the 36.5 acres- that they received of the 200 acres, or 48.09/2oo thereof,, which' amounts to about 8.79 acres. Their argument is founded on several grounds, but chiefly on the proposition that the decree of allotment has rendered res adjudicata the question what was the acre owners’ just share of the 200 acres, and the question what is their just share of the 36.5 acres. That it conclusively determined the first question must be conceded. But did it adjudicate- the second?.
Their next contention is that the adjudication that 48.09 acres was the acre owners’ just share of the 200 acres conclusively estops the fractional owners from claiming or proving in this controversy concerning the 36.5 acres that the acre owners received out of the 200 acres their full share of the entire 236.5 acres. It is clear that the decree estopped all parties thereto from denying that their respective shares in the 200 acres were rightly adjudicated. But it did not, in this new suit for the partition of this new subject-matter, the 36.5 acres, estop any party from availing himself of the facts which the decrees in the partition suit of 1867 established, that the acre owners were entitled to but 50.12/250 of the value of the 250 acres, that they received 48.09/250 of that value under the decree of partition of the 200 acres, and that this was more than 50.12/250 of the entire 236.5 acres, for the purpose of showing the shares of the remaining 36.5 acres which in justice and equity the parties to the new suit should receive. The proof and consideration of these facts in the adjudication of this new subject-matter neither collaterally nor directly assails,' modifies, or avoids the decrees of 1867. Nor does it in any way infringe the rule of law here invoked, that where a second suit is brought between the same parties upon a different cause of action, the judgment in the former action operates as an estoppel in the latter as to every point and question which was actually litigated and determined in the first action; but it is not conclusive relative to other matters which might have been, but were not, litigated or decided. Harrison v. Remington Paper Co., 140 Fed. 385, 400, 72 C. C. A. 405, 420, 3 L. R. A. (N. S.) 954, 5 Ann. Cas. 314; Linton v. Ins. Co., 104 Fed. 584, 587, 44 C. C. A. 54, 57; Commissioners v. Platt, 79 Fed. 567, 571, 25 C. C. A. 87, 91; Board v. Sutliff, 97 Fed. 270, 274, 38 C. C. A. 167, 171; Southern Pac. Co. v. United States, 168 U. S. 1, 48, 18 Sup. Ct. 18, 42 L. Ed. 355; Southern Minn. Ry. Extension Co. v. St. Paul & S. C. R. Co., 55 Fed. 690, 5 C. C. A. 249.
Another contention of counsel for the acre owners is that their deeds and the adjudication that they were the owners of 50.12/250 of the value of the 250 acres created a cotenancy between them and the other owners, and title to thpir proportionate interest in every acre of the tract, and therefore in every acre of the 36.5 acres, and that this interest was neither diminished nor affected by the subsequent allotment to and receipt by them of the 48.09/250 of the value of the entire 250 acres. It is undoubtedly true that, laying aside all equities, the deeds and decree created such a cotenancy. But every cotenant holds his title in trust to yield to each of his cotenants the latter’s just share of the common property, in view of all the equities that haive arisen, or may arise, between them. This is a suit in equity. All parties have prayed the court to ascertain and adjudge their respective interests in this land according to the rules and principles of equity jurisprudence. Like an ordinary suit in partition, the purpose and effect of this suit are to ascertain and adjust the equitable rights of the parties in these 36.5 acres, and, if necessary, to set off in sev-eralty and adjudge to each that share of the value of this land to which he is equitably entitled. 2LAmer. & Eng. Encyc. of Law (2d Ed.) 1171, 1172, 1174; Piper v. Farr, 47 Vt. 721.
In such a suit a cotenant is entitled to an allowance for payments he has made of taxes, assessments, and liens upon the common property. Illinois Land & Loan Co. v. Bonner, 75 Ill. 315. When he has received more than his share of the rents of the common property, the excess may be charged to his account, and the amount of his share in the partition diminished thereby.. Barnes v. Rodgers, 54 S. C. 115, 31 S. E. 885. If he has placed improvements on the property, he may be allowed their value, and his share may be increased thereby. Parcoe v. Swan, 25 L. J. Ch. 159; Cochran v. Shoenberger (C. C.) 33 Fed. 397. Advancements made by a decedent to some of those who become, cotenants may be brought into hotchpotch, and such an adjustment and partition may be made that, taking these advancements into consideration, each- heir shall receive his just equitable share of the value of the property. White v. White, 41 Kan. 556, 21 Pac. 604. And where, after a part of common property has been partitioned by a decree, and a court of chancery is prayed to find and adjust the interests of the parties in the remainder, and, if necessary, to partition it, the court may, and it should, consider the respective shares of the value of the entire property which each party has already received under the former partition, and so adjudge the disposition of the remainder that each party shall receive from both proceedings, as near as may’be, that just share of the value of all the property to which in justice and good conscience he is entitled.
The suggestion is repeatedly made in the brief for the acre owners that the decrees of. 1867 fail to show that they received more than their share of the 200 acres, although they disclose the fact that they
It is earnestly contended that the computation, on which the conclusions which have been stated are based, are erroneous in this: That the share adjudged to the acre owners by the decree of April 13, 1867, was 50.12/208 of the value of the land, and not 50.12/2go thereof. In support of.this contention they cite these facts: On April 11, 1867,. the Kansas court ordered John Bunk to survey the land within the boundaries mentioned in the petition in the suit of 1867, and to report by the following Saturday. The decree of April 13, 1867, was. entered on the following Saturday. There is a statement in the report of the commissioners made on September 26, 1867, which was subsequently confirmed by the court, that by a survey made during the April, 1867, term of the court there were found to be 208 acres in the tract then in controversy, that a division of these 208 acres based on that survey was made, whereby the acre owners were given the number of acres specified as their respective shares in the April decree, that a subsequent survey in July disclosed the fact that there were only 200 acres remaining in the tract, and that the allotments which the commissioners finally made, and their report, were proportioned in quantity to that fact. But the conclusion that the proportionate interests of the parties fixed by the decree of April 13, 1867, were in the 208 acres, and not in the 250 acres, is demonstrated to be a mistake by the decree itself and the pleadings on which it rests. The petitioners in that suit describe in their petition and pray the partition of “all that parcel of land lying in the forks of the Missouri and Kansas rivers and between the Missouri state line and the Kansas river as lies north of Turkey creek, containing about 250 acres, more or less.” The decree of April 13, 1867, describes the tract in the same words, and adjudges the ownership in that tract of 250 acres, excepting about 8 acres described by metes and bounds, as stated in the opening of this opinion. And the fact which concludes this issue is that if a reduction of the fractional shares adjudged by the April decree to acres on the basis of an adjudication of the 250 acres be made, the aggregate of all the acres adjudged by that decree becomes 250 acres, while if those shares are reduced to acres on the basis of an adjudication of the 208 acres the aggregate number so adjudicated becomes about 216 acres. There can, therefore,, be no mistake in the conclusion of the court below, and of this court,, that the decree of April 13, 1867, adjudicated the respective shares of the parties in the 250 acres, and not in the 208 acres.
The arguments and suggestions of the parties regarding their rights-
This conclusion renders immaterial specifications of error relating to the transfer of the title of the Union Pacific Railway Company, Eastern Division, to Grider, and to some of the terms of the decree below, and they are dismissed without discussion.
Let the decree below be reversed, with costs of each appeal against the acre owners, and let the case be remanded to the court below, with instructions to render a decree in accordance with the views expressed in this opinion.
SMITH, Circuit Judge, dissents.