125 F. 116 | 7th Cir. | 1903
(after stating the facts as above). The patent relates to alleged improvements in sewing-machine attachments for making ruffles, plaits, or gathers. In the operation of these attachments, as a genus, a steel blade moves back and forth near the needle in the direction of the feed; levers are so connected that the up-and-down motion of the needle-bar is converted into the to-and-fro movement of the ruffling-blade; the two pieces of cloth to be sewn together are placed under the needle, with the ruffling blade in contact
The mechanism, so far as the claims in suit are concerned, may be described as consisting of two levers, pivoted at a common point, one connecting with the needle-bar and the other with the ruffling-blade, which levers are made to co-operate with each other by means of two stops mounted on one of the levers and a cam-shaped contact device pivoted to the other lever and interposed between the stops. By turning the cam on its pivot, its opposite edges may be caused to recede from or approach both stops simultaneously, whereby the amount of lost motion between the levers is varied, and the limit of both the forward and backward stroke of the ruffling-blade is adjusted.
We do not concur with appellee in the contention that Johnston in his specification disclaimed all novelty except in the form of the stops and pivoted cam. The wording of the disclaimer, in connection with that of the claims in suit, indicates that Johnston asserted priority in pivoting the levers at a common point and putting upon one lever two stops and a cam between them pivoted to the other lever; that the novelty lay in the placing of the cam between the stops, and in adapting them to co-operate in that position, and not in the precise form of cam and stops shown in the drawings and described with particularity in the specification. And a careful examination of the 35 reference patents fails to disclose a ruffler that may not be distinguished from the exact terms of each of the claims sued upon. But the prior art is full of various combinations of levers, stops, and cams, which were operative to produce all the work that can be done with appellant’s ruffler. It was old to pivot the levers at a common point, and place two stops upon one of the levers, and upon the other an adjustable contact device to act between the stops. Smith, No. 266,544, for example, shows this. The kinds of contact devices were many. And Johnston, No. 259,643, had demonstrated the effectiveness of the cam, by a single movement thereof, not only to vary the limit of the backward stroke of the ruffling-blade, but also, to a less extent, the forward stroke. He did this by means of a pin between two stops, one of which was a cam, and the other a plane which, by connection with the cam, moved toward or from the pin in accordance with the cam’s movement. This was not a cam between two pins, but, in
Appellant urges very earnestly that Johnston gave a good consideration, for which the grant of a monopoly should be sustained. That consideration is the alleged cheapness of manufacturing this ruffler. It is said that Johnston made such a selection and arrangement of elements that the parts of the ruffler can be stamped out of sheet metal by the use of presses and dies. But the patent is for improvements in a machine which is a combination of mechanical elements adapted to receive and apply motion to the production of a mechanical result. And the patent would as certainly be infringed by a ruffler of which the parts were forged or cast or machined as by one made of stampings. The consideration of cheapness therefore lies in the process, and not in the product.
The decree is affirmed.