54 Mo. App. 60 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1893
— In November, 1891, and for several years prior thereto, Scott was engaged in the retail grocery business at Kansas City. Becoming at that time financially embarrassed he executed' a bill of sale to plaintiff and turned over his entire stock of goods as an alleged payment of $628.16 he owed the Gregory Grocery Company, and a $1,000 note against him held by one White who was a salesman for the Gregory company. Plaintiff Gregory at once took possession of the goods; but immediately thereafter several other creditors of Scott who had not been provided for instituted attachment suits against the common debtor and caused the defendant sheriff to seize the goods. (Gregory thereupon brought this action in damages for the alleged wrongful conversion of his property. The sheriff in béhalf of the attaching creditors in answer to the petition alleged in substance that the pretended
Owing to the court’s action in giving certair^faulty -and inconsistent instructions, we feel compelled to send this case back for a new trial. In the first place, in plaintiff’s number 4, the court told the jury that it was immaterial whether the bill of sale to Gregory was made and intended as an absolute sale 'or as a mortgage, and that if Gregory & White (whose claims were paid or secured) acted in good faith, etc., that the verdict •should be for the plaintiff; while in an instruction .given for defendant the jury were told that if they "believed “that the bill of sale of the stock of goods in controversy was taken merely as a security for the debts of the Gregory Grocery Company, and for “the note of J. A. White, and was not an absolute and unconditional sale, then the plaintiff cannot recover.” Here is a manifest conflict in these instructions; but as the plaintiff’s instruction was correct in that regard, while that of the defendant was erroneous, we should not reverse the judgment for an error into which the court was led by the appellant’s counsel.
However a more serious conflict appears when plaintiff’s number 6 is compared with defendant’s number 5. At plaintiff’s instance the court gave to the jury this instruction: “The court instructs the .jury that, before you can find for defendant in this case, it devolves upon the defendant to show to your reasonable satisfaction, by a fair preponderance of the evidence, that the bill of sale from Scott to plaintiff, dated November 18, 1891 and introduced in evidence, was without consideration or was made for the purpose of defrauding the creditors of Scott, and that plaintiff Anew of and participated in such fraudulent purpose.”
The first of these two instructions declares the law quite differently from the last. Indeed under the above-instruction given on the motion of the plaintiff it was-next to impossible for the jury to find otherwise than for the plaintiff. They were in effect advised to find for the plaintiff unless they should believe that the bill of sale to Gregory was wholly -without any consideration to support it, or unless the sale was made to-Gregory for the purpose of defrauding Scott’s creditors and that he. (Gregory) knew of and participated in such fraudulent purpose. Now the attaching creditors (represented by defendant) made no attack whatever on the bona fides of the Gregory company’s account of' $628, but the genuineness of White’s $1,000 charge was assailed. Clearly then there was not an entire absence of consideration for the transfer of Scott to Gregory and the jury could_ not .have so found. And if in making said bill of sale there was any fraudulent design to cheat Scott’s creditors there was little, if any,, evidence tending to implicate Gregory individually. If there was such a conspirancy, it was between Scott & White, and not in fact between Scott and Gregorythough of course Gregory will be charged with the-fraud of White since he was acting as Gregory’s agent-in the matter.
Plaintiff’s sixth instruction then was clearly wrong and ought not to have been given. . Nor will it do to say that its vice was cured by other instructions, particularly number 5 given for defendant. As already said these two instructions are irreconcilable and cannot stand together. "We cannot undertake to say which of the two the jury may have adopted as a guide.
It results then that the judgment herein must be reversed and the cause remanded.