254 F. 683 | 8th Cir. | 1918
Writ of error from judgment for damages on account of personal injury death claim brought by wife.
The plaintiff founded her right of recovery upon the claim that she
“St. Paul, Minn., March 10, 1916.
“It Is hereby agreed, by and between E. R. Spiers and Mayme Woodall, from this date henceforth to be husband and wife, and from this date henceforth to conduct ourselves towards each other as husband and wife, the said E. R. Spiers to contribute to the support and maintenance of the said Mayme Woodall as her husband, and the said Mayme Woodall to conduct herself towards the said E. R. Spiers as a dutiful wife. .
“[Signed] E. R. Spiers.
“Mayme Woodall.”
The contentions of plaintiff in error are concisely stated in a portion of the printed argument as follows:
“ * * * Claimant has testified in the case at bar that she intended at the time of executing Exhibit C to then become the wife of decedent. If this statement of hers must be believed, and the law does not require the parties to agree in the presence of each other, then we concede that the finding of marriage in this case must be sustained.”
“ * * * From this date henceforth to he husband and wife, and from this date henceforth to conduct ourselves toward each other as husband and wife. * * * ”
In approaching the proposition that the parties must be together or within the same jurisdiction, it is to be noted that this matter of marriage is for the states, except in the District of Columbia and the territories (Davis v. Pryor _ [8th Cir.] 112 Fed. 274, 50 C. C. A. 579; 26 Cyc. 829, and citations in notes 12 and 13 thereto), and is to be determined by the law of the state where it was contracted or celebrated (26 Cyc. 829, and citations in note 14 thereto). So far as the law on' the point here involved has been defined by the adjudications of the Missouri courts, it will be followed, irrespective of the view which might be taken by this court, if the question were open. A careful examination of the above-cited Missouri cases, and of many others from that state, convinces that in that state the marriage contract possesses the elements of an ordinary contract and none others. That contract establishes a very important status, but the contract itself is in no respect peculiar. Mutual assent to the present, institution of the status is all sufficient. No other act, such as cohabitation (Davis v. Stouffer, 132 Mo. App. 555, 112 S. W. 282), is necessary to complete the institution of the status where the mutual assent contemplates a marriage in prmsenti. Why should the physical presence of the parties be essential to the legality of this contract, any more than of any other? It is not for us to devise means of making common-law marriages difficult. It is our duty to recognize the law as it exists. Nor is there any reason why the parties should be within the same jurisdiction. The existence and validity of the contract must be determined by the law of the place where it is legally regarded as made. Here, however, there is no point in the suggestion, for both of the states involved approve common-law marriages.
The judgment is affirmed.