159 S.E.2d 368 | N.C. Ct. App. | 1968
Bobbie Jean GRANT
v.
STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY.
Court of Appeals of North Carolina.
*369 Carpenter, Webb & Golding by William B. Webb, Charlotte, for defendant appellant.
Webb, Lee & Davis, by Hugh A. Lee, Rockingham, for plaintiff appellee.
*370 CAMPBELL, Justice.
It is conceded by all parties that under the applicable statutes as originally enacted in 1957 known as "The Vehicle Financial Responsibility Act of 1957" as contained in Article 13 of Chapter 20 of the North Carolina General Statutes, Sections 20-309 through 20-319 as construed in the cases of Daniels v. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, 258 N.C. 660, 129 S.E.2d 314 (1962), and Griffin v. Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company, 264 N.C. 212, 141 S.E.2d 300 (1965), the insurance policy involved here would have been properly cancelled and would not have been in effect at the time of the accident in question.
The trial court held that the requisite notice, as provided by statute, and as provided by law, for the cancellation of an assigned risk policy, was not given by the defendant, and the policy of insurance referred to in the pleadings and in the stipulations was in full force and effect on January 9, 1964, at the time of the accident referred to in the pleadings and upon which judgment had been rendered against the defendant's insured.
Since this holding is contrary to the statute as originally enacted in 1957 and as construed in the Daniels and Griffin cases, supra, the question presented is whether the Legislature in the Session Laws of 1963 made such changes as will support the decision of the lower court.
"The policy in question having been issued pursuant to the Assigned Risk Plan and for the purpose of fulfilling the requirement of the Financial Responsibility Act of 1957, the provisions of that act, relative to the cancellation of such policies, must be read into this policy and construed liberally so as to effectuate the purpose of the act." Harrelson v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, 272 N.C. 603, 158 S.E.2d 812 (1967).
In an action such as this where the third party beneficiary is bringing the action against the insurance company, "to avoid liability insurer must allege and prove cancellation and termination of the insurance policy in accordance with the applicable statute." Daniels v. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, supra.
Likewise, as stated in the Daniels case, supra, "Perhaps there are reasons why a person insured under a compulsory motor vehicle liability insurance policy should not be permitted to authorize an agent to cancel such policy, particularly in the circumstances here shown. But nothing in the statute expressly or impliedly forbids." Subsequent to the Daniels case, the Legislature in 1963 enacted Chapter 1118 which is entitled: "An Act to Provide for the Regulation of Insurance Premium Financing, Providing for the Licensing of Insurance Premium Finance Companies, Providing for Insurance Premium Finance Charges, Rules, Regulations, Administrative Hearings and Penalties." This chapter is codified as Article 4 of Chapter 58 of the General Statutes of North Carolina and is Section 58-55 through Section 58-61.1.
As stated in Allstate Insurance Company v. Hale, 270 N.C. 195, 200, 154 S.E.2d 79 (1967),
"The primary purpose of the law requiring compulsory insurance is to furnish at least partial compensation to innocent victims who have suffered injury and damage as a result of the negligent operation of a motor vehicle upon the public highway. Insurance covering liability arising out of the ownership, maintenance and use of a motor vehicle on the highway in the amount required by statute is mandatory. If the policy exceeds the amount required, the policy to the extent of the excess is voluntary. Voluntary insurance is contractual and determines the rights and liabilities of the parties inter se. Assigned risk insurance is compulsory both as to the insurer and the insured made so by law. Such policy must be interpreted in the light of the statutory requirement rather than the agreement or *371 understanding of the parties. The requirements of the statute with respect to cancellation must be observed or the attempt at cancellation fails. Such policies `are generally construed with great liberality to accomplish their purpose'."
The 1963 Act now codified as G.S. § 58-60 provides:
"Procedure for cancellation of insurance contract upon default; return of unearned premiums; collection of cash surrender value.When an insurance premium finance agreement contains a power of attorney or other authority enabling the insurance premium finance company to cancel any insurance contract or contracts listed in the agreement, the insurance contract or contracts shall not be cancelled unless such cancellation is effectuated in accordance with the following provisions:
(1) Not less than ten (10) days written notice be furnished the insured or insureds shown on the insurance premium finance agreement of the intent of the insurance premium finance company to cancel his or their insurance contract or contracts unless the defaulted installment payment is received. A notice thereof shall also be mailed to the insurance agent.
(2) After expiration of such period, the insurance premium finance company shall mail the insurer a request for cancellation, including a copy of the power of attorney, and shall mail a copy of the request for cancellation to the insured at his last known address as shown on the insurance premium finance agreement.
(3) Upon receipt of a copy of such request for cancellation notice by the insurer or insurers, the insurance contract shall be cancelled with the same force and effect as if the aforesaid request for cancellation had been submitted by the insured himself, without requiring the return of the insurance contract or contracts. * * *"
In the instant case, there is no evidence at all that this statute was complied with. In fact, the request for cancellation submitted by the Acceptance Corporation should have alerted the defendant that something had not been complied with because the request stated: "Request is hereby made that subject policy be cancelled effective as soon after this date as statutory requirements permit." (Emphasis added.)
At any rate, and we so hold, the burden is upon the insurance company to show that all statutory requirements have been complied with, including the ten days written notice by the premium finance company to the insured together with said notice to the insurance agent, prior to the premium finance company requesting cancellation of the policy. We do not think this unduly burdens the insurance company, for that the insurance company has received and has on hand the full premium and before making cancellation and returning any portion of the unearned premium, the insurance company can require the premium finance company to satisfy fully the insurance company that all statutory notices have been given, otherwise, the insurance company will not return any of the premium. With this ability on the part of the insurance company to use a "money talks" approach, we think the primary purpose of the law will be more fully complied with and innocent victims more adequately protected. cf. Cannon v. Merchants Mutual Insurance Co., 35 Misc. 2d 625, 230 N.Y.S.2d 282 (1962); White v. Edwards, Mass., 227 N.E.2d 354 (1967). Furthermore, if the premium finance company misleads the insurance company wrongfully by requesting cancellation of the policy, the insurance company can seek redress from the premium finance company. Johnson v. General Mutual Insurance Company, 26 A.D.2d 602, 271 N.Y. S.2d 428 (1966).
Since in the instant case the defendant does not show that this provision of the *372 law had been complied with prior to cancellation of the policy, we find that the court below was correct in its holding that the policy in question was in full force and effect at the time of the accident and that it had not been theretofore cancelled.
Affirmed.
MORRIS and PARKER, JJ., concur.
