W. H. Turner, by properly executed power of attorney, granted to H. E. Turner and A. P. Bell authority and powers as follows; “In and about my business to buy, sell, or exchange property; to receive and receipt for money; to sell and dispose of property, to give bills of sale thereto, or to sell and transfer real estate and execute deeds thereto; or to do and perform any lawful act in, or about, or concerning my business, as fully and completely as if I were personally present; and I herein and hereby confirm all their lawful acts and deeds that they perform in any manner connected with my business.”
Under this instrument the attorneys in fact executed a statutory deed
Appellеes Ruder and Pool were creditors of Turner, and sued out an attachment against him, under which appellee Metcalf, as sheriff, took from the possession of Gouldy the stock of merchandise, books and aсcounts, etc., which he had received as assignee of Turner.
Gouldy brought this suit as assignee against the sheriff and рlaintiffs in attachment to recover damages for the wrongful seizure and conversion of the propеrty.
On the trial plaintiff, having introduced in evidence the power of attorney, offered the deed of assignmеnt, which was objected to by defendants upon the ground that “ the power of attorney did not authorize the .аttorneys in fact to make the deed.” The objection was sustained, and .there was no other evidencе offered.
The court, trying the case without a jury, rendered judgment for def endants.
The only question presented is, did the trial court err in holding that the power of attorney did not authorize the attorneys in fact to executе the deed of assignment? That a deed of assignment for the benefit of creditors may be executed by an аgent or attorney in fact, specially authorized thereto, we think has been settled by the decision in McKee v. Coffin,
And again: “What a person under no disability may do in person, he may ordinarily do through an agent, but it is claimed that this is not true under thе act regulating assignments; that the deed of assignment must he the personal act of the owner of the property assigned, and, as an evidence of this, it is urged that the assignor must make oath to the schedule.
“It is true that the second section of the act does require that the inYentory and schedule shall be verified by the oаth of the debtor, but this is not essential to the validity of the assignment, for the tenth section declares that ‘ no assignment shall be declared fraudulent or void for want ■of any inventory or list, as provided herein, but if such list and inventory he nоt annexed and verified, as provided in this act, it shall be prima facie evidence that the assignor has sеcreted and concealed some portion of the property belonging to his estate from his аssignee, unless,’ etc.
“ It is said that 1 the processes provided against the assignor, and the penalties denоunced against him, are all personal, and can not be trans*458 ferred to and performed by or enforced against an agent.’ If an agent makes a false oath in the course of the business of his principal, hе may be indicted and convicted for false swearing or perjury, as the case may be, as though the false-oath were taken in his own business.”
We think it clear from the foregoing quotations that an assignment for the benefit оf creditors may be made by any agent or attorney in fact authorized thereto. The instrument under which the power was exercised in this case does not in terms grant the authority. The language used in the grant of general рower is certainly very comprehensive, but the established rule of construction limits the authority derived by the general grant of power to the acts authorized by the language employed in granting the special рowers.
“ When an authority is conferred upon an agent by a formal instrument, as by a power of attorney, thеre are two rules of construction to be carefully attended to:
“ 1. The meaning of general words in the instrumеnt will be restricted by the context, and construed accordingly.
“ 2. The authoisty will be construed strictly, so as to exclude the exercise of any power which is not warranted, either by the actual terms used, or as a necessary means of executing the authority with effect.” Ewell’s Evans on Agency, 204, 205; Reese v. Medlock,27 Texas, 123 ,124-
Applying thesе rules to this case, and none of the circumstances under which the power was executed being shown, wе are of opinion that the-attorneys in fact did not have the power to make the assignment, and that the court did not err in so holding.
We are, therefore, of opinion that the judgment of the court below should be affirmed.
Affirmed*
Adopted December 17, 1889.