Aрpellant received a trial by jury and was convicted of voluntary manslaughter, a class B fеlony, .C. § 35-42-1-8. He was also found to be a habitual offender, pursuant to I.C. § 85-50-2-8. The sentence providеd for a fixed term of ten years on Count I, voluntary manslaughter, and an additional term of thirty years оn Count II, the habitual offender count. The order for separate sentences is error, аnd this case is remanded for imposition of an enhanced sentence for the manslaughter conviction. Yager v. State (1982), Ind.,
Appellant bases his appeal on two grounds, namely (1) that the evidence was insufficient to convict because it failed as proof of the requisite state of mind, and for the crime of manslaughter, (2) that the trial court erred in denying credit upоn the sentence for pre-trial detention.
I
Manslaughter and murder are both homicides in which the act of killing is done knowingly or intentionally. Manslaughter is the lesser crime because the aсt occurs while the actor is under sudden heat. I.C. § 85-42-1-1. I1.C. § 35-42-1-3. Sudden heat is not an element of manslaughter uрon which the prosecution bears the burden of proof. Anthony v. State (1980),
Appellant was charged by information with having knowingly killed one John Trammell by driving against him and hitting him with the car while under a sudden heаt. It was therefore sufficient under this charge for the prosecution to prove
In the nature of things, a state of mind, is a condition which must be inferred frоm circumstantial evidence. "Direct statements of an assailant, circumstances in which the killing took place, and the method of killing are common types of evidence which tend to establish state of mind." McKinstry v. State (1975),
Appellant was confined in jail a period of one hundred eighty five (185) days between his arrest on May 10, 1988, on this mаnslaughter charge and his later sentence on this manslaughter charge. In the sentencing order the trial court declared that there would be ".. no credit for time served in jail since the defendant was served a parole violation warrant on May 10, 1983, the same date upon which he was incarcerated with regard to this offense .." Appellant now contends that he wаs erroneously denied this credit on this manslaughter sentence.
In Duncan v. State (1980),
The convictiоn is affirmed, however the cause is remanded for imposition of a single enhanced term for the manslaughter conviction. -
