German American Savings Bank v. City of Burlington

| Iowa | Oct 21, 1880

Day, J.

i.taxation: capital in . United States bonds. I. The plaintiff is organized under the provisions of chapter 60, laws of Fifteenth General Assembly. Section 28 of this act is as follows: “The paid up capital oí all savings banks organized and doing business 1 ^ i , „ P under tins act shall be subject to the same rates of taxation, and rules of valuation, as other taxable property by the revenue laws of the State, which taxes shall be levied 'on and paid bv the banks, and not the individual stockholders, and the general assembly shall never impose any greater tax upon property employed in banking under this act than is, or may bo, imposed upon tbe property of individuals. The franchise of all such banks, the savings and funds deposited therein, and mortgages and other securities wherein the same are invested, are not to bo taxed, but are expressly exempted therefrom, and may bo omitted from assessments of the bank 'required by the revenue laws of this State.”

Section 9 of the act aforesaid is as follows: “It shall be lawful for the directors or trustees of any such savingsJ'bank to invest the funds or capital belonging to said bank, and all moneys deposited therein, and all the gains and profits thereof, only as follows, to-wit: First. In the stocks or bonds or interest bearing notes, or certificates, of the United States. Second. In the stocks or bonds, or .evidences of debt, bearing interest, of this State. Third. In the stocks, bonds or warrants of any city, town, county, village, or school-district of this State, issued pursuant to the authority of any law of this State, but not exceeding twenty-five per cent of the assets of the bank shall consist of town, village or school-district bonds or warrants. Fourth. In notes or bonds secured by mortgage or deed of trust upon unincumbered real estate in this State, worth at least twice the amount loaned thereon. Fifth. It shall be lawful for said banks to discount, sell, and make loans upon commercial paper, notes, bills of exchange, drafts or any other personal or public security; but said banks shall not purchase, hold, or make loans upon the shares of its capital stock.”

The question now presented is whether the portion of plaintiff’s paid up capital stock which is invested in United States Government bonds is subject to taxation? This question has been finally settled by the Supreme Court of the United States in Bank of Commerce v. New York City, 2 Black, 620, and the Bank Tax Case, 2 Wall., 200. The first of the above cases was as follows: In 1857 a statute of the State of New York was passed, which enacted that the capital stock of the banks of the State should be “ assessed at its actual value, and taxed in the same manner as other personal and real estate of the country.” Tbe Bank of Commerce rendered its statement according to law to the tax cornmisioners, on which they were to fix the valuation of property on which the taxation of the banlc was to be made. It appeared that the whole capital of the bank was .$9,148,480.00-, of which $8,756,265.17 were invested in stocks, bonds and securities of the United States,-which the bank claimed to be exempt from taxation. The tax commissioners reported the bank as subject to assessment and taxation for the value of its stock, without regard to its being invested in the public debt of the United States, stating that the assessment was not upon the public debt, but upon the bank capital. A certiorari was issued and the facts were brought before the Supreme Court of New York, which held that as to the public debt held by the bank prior -to the act of Congress of February 25,1862, the bank was liable to taxation, and that as to the debt contracted after that date the bank was not liable. The bank appealed to the Court of Appeals, which affirmed the . judgment of the Supreme Court. Thereupon, a writ of error was brought to the Supreme Court of the United States, where it was held, upon the authority of Weston v. The City of Charleston, 2 Pet., 449" court="SCOTUS" date_filed="1829-03-18" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/weston-and-others-v-the-city-council-of-charleston-85642?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="85642">2 Peters, 449, that the bank was not liable for any of its capital invested in the stocks, bonds and securities of the United States.

Just after this decision the legislature of New York passed another statute, which enacted that “All banks, banking associations, etc., shall be liable to taxation on a valuation equal to the-amount of their capital stock paid, in or secured to be .paid in, and their surplus earnings, etc., in the manner now provided by law.”

In the Bank Tax Case, supra, it was held that this law simply made a change in the mode of ascertaining or fixing the amount of capital of the banks to be made the basis of taxation, and that when the capital consisted of stocks of the Federal government the tax was invalid.

The appellant relies upon the case of the Provident Institution v. Massachusetts, 6 Wall., 611" court="SCOTUS" date_filed="1868-03-30" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/provident-institution-v-massachusetts-87962?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="87962">6 Wall., 611. A statute of Mass saclrusetts provides that every institution for savings incorporated under the law of that commonwealth should pay to. the commonwealth “A tax, on account of its depositors, of one-half of one per cent per annum on the amount of its deposits, to be assessed, one-half of said annual tax on the average-amount of its deposits for the six months preceding the first day of May, and the other on the average amount of its deposits for the six months preceding the first day of November.” •It was held, three of the judges dissenting, that this law imposed a tax upon the franchise, and not upon the property of the bank,- and was, therefore, valid, notwithstanding the fact that a portion of the deposits was invested in Federal-securities. To the same effect is the Society for Savings v. Caite, 6 Wall., 594" court="SCOTUS" date_filed="1868-03-23" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/society-for-savings-v-coite-87961?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="87961">6 Wall., 594.

• The tax in question in this case cannot be sustained as a tax upon the franchise of the bank, for section 28 .of the act in question expressly provides that the franchise of the banks organized under it shall not be taxed.

It is urged, however,'that-if it shall be held that/the assessment in question is an assessment on the capital of the bank, it follows that the hanks cannot be taxed at. all upon their capital stock. It is said that the mortgages and other securities, of whatever kind they may be, are exempt from taxation, and that, if the capital invested in Federal securities cannot be taxed, it follows that the capital invested in other securities cannot be taxed. This argument is-.based upon the latter part of. section 28, which is as follows: “ The franchise of all such banks, the savings and funds deposited therein, and the mortgages and other securities wherein the same are invested, are not to be taxed, but are expressly exempted therefrom, and may be omitted from assessments of the bank required by-the revenue laws of this State.”

Considering the whole section together, it is evident, we think, that this part of the section refers to the mortgages and other securities in which the savings and deposits are invested. Both the savings and deposits, and the mortgages and other securities in which they are invested, are exempt from taxation.

II. The appellant claims that in airy event the court erred in reducing the amount of assessment to $14,'000.‘.'It‘is' claimed that no facts were admitted which would justify the • reduction of the assessment below $28,000, the -amount of paid up capital stock which it is conceded was not invested in Federal securities. It is evident from the case as presented that the assessment was made upon a valuation of fifty cents upon the dollar, otherwise upon the theory of the - appellant the original assessment should have been sixty instead of-thirty thousand dollars. The plaintiff alone complained of' this assessment, and the complaint was based upon the ground that $32,000 of the capital stock invested in United States bonds was illegally included in the assessment. From the action of the board of equalization refusing to cancel the-assessment the- plaintiff appealed. The appeal presented no question as to the valuation of the stock. The only question presented was whether the plaintiff was taxable upon its capital stock invested in Federal securities. The appeal conferred upon the Circuit Court no authority to increase the valuation of the property upon which plaintiff was properly taxable. See The appeal of the Des Moines Water Company, 48 Iowa, 324" court="Iowa" date_filed="1878-04-19" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/in-re-the-appeal-of-the-des-moines-water-co-7097843?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="7097843">48 Iowa, 324. This disposition of the case renders a consideration of the motion to dismiss the appeal, unnecessary. The judgment is

Affirmed.