60 Fla. 70 | Fla. | 1910
This writ of error was taken to a judgment awarding damages for personal injuries sustained by Hannah while working in the lumber company’s saw mill. The plaintiff was assisting in repair work about the mill and was told by the man with whom he worked, alleged to be “his superior workman”, to ask Mr. Thomas who was in charge of the work for a babbit ladle to be used in the repairing being done. Plaintiff asked Mr. Stokes, the foreman of the mill, for Mr. Thomas, and was told where he could be found. While looking for Mr. Thomas the plaintiff went up a ladder and in going along a board about ten inches wide used by the oilers and millwrights in their duties, passed over a rapidly revolving shaft. In returning the same way the plaintiff’s pants caught in a set screw that projected 5/16 or 1/2 of an inch out from a safety collar on the revolving shaft, and the plaintiff was seriously injured.
The negligence of the defendant as alleged is that it
A verdict should be set aside Avhen it clearly appears to be contrary to laAV.' Where contributory negligence prevents recovery, and it clearly appears from the evidence that the negligence of the plaintiff so contributed proximately to the injury complained of that it would not have occurred but for the plaintiff’s negligence, a verdict awarding damages should be set aside. Where contributory negligence is a complete defense, a minor may be guilty of such contributory negligence as will bar a recovery by him where his age, intelligence and experience, and the surrounding circumstances render him capable of appreciating and avoiding obvious dangers.
At common law a plaintiff could not recover for injuries to himself caused by the negligence of another if he in any appreciable way contributed to the proximate cause of the injury, upon the theory that there is no apportionment of the results of mutual negligence. Where both plaintiff and defendant are at fault the laAV does not in general interfere. The common laAV rule that there can be no recoA-ery by those guilty of contributory negligence has not been changed by statute in this state except in certain cases of injuries by the operation of railroads. Stearns & Culver Lumber Co. v. Fowler, 58 Fla., 362, 50 South. Rep., 680;
It is the duty of the master to use due diligence in providing a reasonably safe place for the servant to work in, and also to inform the servant of any dangers in the employment that are not of such a character that the servant should know of them, and to warn young and inexperienced employees of dangers in their employment as to which they have no knowledge or appreciation. A failure in the performance of these duties renders the master liable in damages for injuries proximately resulting from such breach of duty, where the servant has not so contributed appreciably and proximately to his own injury as to be guilty of contributory negligence. James v. Rapides Lumber Co., 50 La., Ann. 717, 23 South. Rep., 469, 44 L. R. A. 33, and notes; 10 Current Law 731; Bare v. Crane Creek Coal & Coke Co., 61 West Va., 28, 55 S. E. Rep., 907, 8 L. R. A. (N. S.) 284 and notes; Burnside v. Peterson, 43 Colo., 382, 96 Pac. Rep., 256, 17 L. R. A. (N. S.) 76; Bertha Zinc Co. v. Martin’s Adm’r, 93 Va., 791, 22 S. E. Rep., 869; Camp v. Hall, 39 Fla., 535, 22 South. Rep., 792. If a servant fails to exercise ordinary care for his safety he cannot in general recover damages for an injury. Green v. Sansom, 41 Fla., 94, 25 South. Rep., 332.
Where Mangers are obvious and the servant is capable of appreciating them a warning as to such dangers by the master is unnecessary. 10 Current Law 753. Whether warning is necessary depends upon the age, capacity, intelligence and experience of the employee as. well as upon the nature of the danger and the surrounding conditions and circumstances. Davis v. Augusta Factory, 92 Ga., 712, 18 S. E. Rep., 971; Ryan v. Armour, 166 Ill.,
In this case the plaintiff was nineteen years of age and of at least ordinary intelligence. He had worked about the mill for more than nine months usually assisting in repair work, and had worked all over the mill. The order given him was to get the ladle and to ask Mr. Thomas for it. He was told by the foreman where he could find Mr. Thomas, but he was not told to go any particular way to find him. He was not warned of the danger in the projecting set screw in the rapidly revolving shaft, but he was not told to go by or over the shaft to find Mr. Thomas and it was not necessary for him to do so in the discharge of his duty. It appears that the foreman simply answered plaintiff’s question as to where he could find Mr. Thomas and that there was at least one other ordinarily used way of going to the place where Mr. Thomas was supposed to be that could have been safely used. The plaintiff was evidently familiar at least in a general way with the machinery of the mill though he had not been at that point before. He was of a somewhat mature age and had had other experience in such mills. It is clear that the place where the injury occurred was intended for and used by only those engaged in using or repairing the machinery, and was not the usual means of passage from one part of
The judgment is reversed and a new trial awarded.
