1 Wash. 290 | Wash. | 1890
Lead Opinion
The opinion of the court was delivered by
Plaintiffs in error constituted the board of county commissioners of King county, to whom in the month of May, 1890, a resolution of the city council of Seattle was addressed, requesting the board to submit to the qualified electors of the city and of certain territory adjacent to the city, the question of extending the corporate limits of the city over the adjacent territory therein described. Twenty-five residents and freeholders of the adjacent territory joined in preferring the request. The board refused the request, and for the purpose of obtaining a judicial construction of the law of the case, joined with the defendants in error in a friendly action in the superior court of King county, substantially in the form of a petition for a writ of mandate against the board to require it to proceed in accordance with the request, under the provisions of the act of the legislature approved February
The first objection raised by the board would furnish matter for serious discussion owing to the peculiar situation of the territory proposed to be included within the city limits; but as we shall hold that the second objection is well taken, it will not be necessary that we discuss or decide the first.
The act of February 26th provided three methods by which outside territory might be brought within the corporate limits of an existing city, town or village. By the first method, a petition of a majority of the legal voters of the territory proposed to be annexed, addressed to the legislative authority of the municipal incorporation, was sufficient authority for the passage of an ordinance declaring the annexation. By the second method, if the owner of land adjacent to a municipal incorporation lays it off as an addition to the city, town or village, the whole tract thereafter becomes a part of the incorporation, ipso facto, for all purposes. By neither of the above methods is any record of the new corporate boundaries made with the board of county commissioners or the secretary of state. But under the third method, however, the element of consent on the part of the outside parties, being neither present nor pre
Without quoting from the act, we note the following points of difference between it and the former act, which are so radical as that, in our view, they seem to create a new system for extending boundaries, which precludes the existence of any other in the legislative mind. In this act there is no restrictive operation to cities of ten thousand; the moving cause of action in the premises is a petition of
It was suggested in argument that inasmuch as no merntion is made in the title of this act of the enlargement or consolidation of municipal corporations, 9 and 10 are void, by | 19, article 2, of the constitution. But we think that the term “incorporation,” which is used, is certainly broad enough to include these proceedings, which are analogous to the supplemental articles of a private corporation increasing its capital stock. See the discussion of the subject of titles of statutes, under similar constitutional limitations, in Cooley, Const. Lim. (5th ed.). p. 170, et saq.
Likewise we cannot agree that this act was not intended to affect municipal incorporations existing at the time of its approval. Under its express terms certain corporations attempted to be organized under the void act of February 2,1888, are mentioned and provided for, and it is the law of all existing corporations in so far as they are given the authority to adopt its provisions as to government and classification. One thing is certain, that if the act of February 26th is the only law authorizing the extension of corporate limits, and if its operation is limited to cities of ten thousand and upwards, then there are only three cities in the state at this time which can enlargetheir boundaries unless they first become re-incorporated under the act of March 27th, since there are only three which have a population of ten thousand.
We have noted the difference in the procedure under these two acts; now the practical difference in the result of action under each may be thus illustrated. Suppose that the commissioners in this instance had not declined to act, but had proceeded to call the election as requested, and suppose that the electors of the city, five thousand in number, had voted unanimously for the annexation, and the electors of the outside territory, two thousand in number, had voted against it; a majority of the seven thousand electors would have carried the proposition for annexation. But had the election been held under the act of March 27th, with precisely the same vote cast, annexation would have been defeated for want of a majority of the outside electors favoring it. In the one case the vote of the outside elector would count for nothing, while in the other his vote would have equal weight as that of his inside neighbor. Or, suppose that while the election ordered by the commissioners was pending, enemies of the annexation proposition resid
The judgment of the court below is reversed, with directions to dismiss the application for the writ of mandate. Costs to plaintiff in error.
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting). ■ — -As the judgment of this court is final, and as the particular questions presented are not of general interest, except as to the holding of this court as to the particular statute in question, it would be profitless for me to enter into a lengthy discussion of the reasons that compel me to dissent from the conclusion of the majority of the court in this cause. I shall, therefore, content myself with saying, that, as the two acts in question were passed at the same session of the legislature, and therefore should be construed as a single act, I think that they can stand together. In the first act the legislature had provided three distinct methods for enlarging the boundaries of cities, and I think it consistent to hold that in the other act they intended to provide a fourth method of accomplishing the same purpose.