155 Ind. 277 | Ind. | 1900
— Appellant was convicted of assault and battery with intent to commit a rape. He complains of the refusal of the court to grant him a new trial. Among the reasons assigned, it was stated that two of the jurors were deputy sheriffs of the county. In support of the motion, appellant filed his affidavit that the two jurors were deputy sheriffs, that they were not of the regular panel but were called as talesmen, that neither appellant nor his attorneys knew that the two jurors were deputy sheriffs until after the return of the verdict, that the two jurors were examined generally as to their competency but failed to disclose that
These deputies were not competent to serve on the impartial jury that is guaranteed by the Constitution. The sheriff is now paid a salary, and the fees belong to the county. But, inasmuch as the county does not pay the sheriff his salary except out of fees earned and collected, the sheriff has a clear pecuniary interest in securing convictions in criminal cases, since no judgment for costs can be rendered against the State. These deputies, therefore, stood in the position of employes of one who was pecuniarily interested in their verdict. And, though §1862 Burns 1894, §1793 R. S. 1881 and Horner 1897, professes to give all the grounds of challenge for cause, of which the present is not one, the constitutional guaranty of an impartial jury will not be allowed to be destroyed by the legislature’s omission of grounds that clearly render the juror incompetent. Block v. State, 100 Ind. 357; Zimmerman v. State, 115 Ind. 129; Rhodes v. State, 128 Ind. 189, 25 Am. St. 429.
These deputy sheriffs would doubtless have been rejected by the court on challenge for cause if the facts had been made known. Appellant was not hound to anticipate that talesmen would be called from among the sheriff’s deputies,
Judgment reversed, with directions to sustain the motion for a new trial.