142 Minn. 230 | Minn. | 1919
The defendant sued out a writ of attachment against Alfred L. Shol and Martin Pahl, copartners as Shol & Pahl, and caused a levy to be made thereunder on July 3, 1917. Thereafter Messrs. Shol and Pahl, on their voluntary petition, were adjudged bankrupts, and, on August 3, 1917, plaintiff was appointed as trustee of their property and assets. Alleging that the attachment was wrongful and malicious, plaintiff as trustee brought this action for damages. At the trial the court directed a verdict for defendants on the ground that plaintiff conceded that no steps had ever been taken to vacate the attachment and that it still remained in force unless vacated by the bankruptcy proceedings. Judgment was entered on the verdict so directed and plaintiff appealed therefrom.
Plaintiff contends: (1) That an action for malicious attachment can be maintained although the attachment has not been vacated; (2) that if it be necessary to vacate the attachment before bringing such an action, that rule does not bar the present action for the reason that the attachment in question was vacated by the adjudication in bankruptcy.
1. It is held in some jurisdictions that an action for malicious attachment may be maintained without first procuring the vacation of the attachment. Brand v. Hinchman, 68 Mich. 590, 36 N. W. 664, 13 Am. St. 362; Cadwell v. Corey, 91 Mich. 335, 51 N. W. 888; Fortman v. Rottier, 8 Oh. St. 548, 70 Am. Dec. 606. But many years ago this court adopted the rule that in order to maintain such an action the plaintiff must allege and show that the attachment was vacated in the action in which it issued as unwarranted by the facts, or that he had had no opportunity to make a motion to vacate it, and has consistently adhered to the rule so announced. Pixley v. Reed, 26 Minn. 80, 1 N. W. 800; Rossiter v. Minnesota Paper B.-S. Co. 37 Minn. 296, 33 N. W. 855; Rachelman v. Skinner, 46 Minn. 196, 48 N. W. 776; Thomas v. Craig,
2. Plaintiff contends that all attachments made less than four months prior to the adjudication of bankruptcy were vacated by such adjudication without other or further action, unless continued in force at the instance of the trustee. Whether such is the effect of the adjudication is not free from doubt. The construction given to the bankruptcy law by the Federal courts is of course controlling. The circuit court of appeals for this circuit has held that a levy under legal process, although made less than four months prior to the adjudication, remains in force until it is proven that the bankrupt was insolvent at the time the levy was made. Stone-Ordean-Wells Co. v. Mark, 227 Fed. 975, 142 C. C. A. 433. On the other hand circuit courts of appeal from other circuits have held that the adjudication of bankruptcy ipso facto vacates such a levy, unless continued at the instance of the trustee. In re Richards, 96 Fed. 935, 37 C. C. A. 634; Cook v. Robinson, 194 Fed. 785, 114 C. C. A. 505; In re Southern Arizona Smelting Co. 231 Fed. 87, 145 C. C. A. 275. But if we assume that the adjudication of bankruptcy operated to vacate the levy, still such a vacation thereof did not put plaintiff in position to maintain this action. It is settled in this state that where the defendant in an attachment can traverse the affidavit and test the validity of the attachment in the action in which it issued, he cannot maintain an action for malicious attachment until he has afforded the attaching creditor an opportunity to prove his charges in the original action, and has had the attachment dissolved for failure to make such proof. If he procures the discharge of the attachment in some other manner, as by giving the statutory bond, an action for malicious attachment will not lie. Rachelman v. Skinner, 46 Minn. 196, 48 N. W. 776; Thomas v. Craig, 60 Minn. 501, 62 N. W. 1133; Rossiter v. Minnesota B.-S. Paper Co. 37 Minn. 296, 33 N. W. 855. In the instant ease, the attachment defendants could have traversed the affidavit and made a motion to vacate the attachment in the original suit. Had they done so, the burden would have been on the attaching creditors to prove the facts stated in the affidavit. Jones v. Swank, 51 Minn. 285, 53 N. W. 634; Schoeneman v. Sowle, 102 Minn. 466, 113 N. W. 1061. And fail
Under the doctrine of those cases, no right of action has accrued either to the attachment defendants or to plaintiff, and the court was correct in so ruling.
Judgment affirmed.
