219 Miss. 596 | Miss. | 1954
The appellant, Leonard Funderburk, and his father, Henry Funderburk, were jointly indicted on a charge of assault with intent to kill and murder Doyle Vance, Mrs. Juanita Vance, Dwight Vance and Henry Vance. The indictment was returned by the grand jury in the Circuit Court of the First Judicial District of Chickasaw County at the April 1952 term of the court. A change of venue was granted and the case was transferred to Calhoun County for trial.
When the case was called at the September term of court in Calhoun County, a severance was granted and on the second day of the term the case against the appellant was called, and the State announced ready for trial. The appellant asked for a continuance on account of the absence of his co-indictee, Henry Funderburk, who, it was alleged, was a material witness in the case and was expected to testify on behalf of the appellant. The court passed the case until the following morning. The appellant then filed a formal motion for a continuance on account of the absence of his co-indictee, Henry Funderburk, and the appellant asked that a subpoena
When tbe case was again called on tbe following day, tbe appellant filed .an amended motion for a continuance; and in bis amended motion alleged that tbe said Henry Funderburk was under bond to appear at that term of tbe court to answer tbe charge alleged against him in tbe indictment, and that tbe appellant bad expected that be would be present in court without tbe issuance of other process, and that he would testify as a witness for tbe appellant. Tbe appellant also alleged in bis motion that be was informed and believed that, if tbe said Henry Funderburk were present, be would testify that on tbe night of tbe shooting be and tbe appellant bad driven to tbe home of a Negro whom they expected to employ to assist them in certain logging operations which the}’ were about to undertake, and that as they were proceeding along tbe road in front of tbe Vance home tbe members of tbe Vance family opened fire on tbe automobile in which they were traveling and continued to fire at tbe automobile until they bit the same with a number of shots; that tbe appellant at that time was not armed; and that the appellant did nothing whatever to barm any member of the Vance family. Tbe appellant stated in bis motion that be could not prove tbe above stated facts by tbe testimony of any other witness.
Tbe court overruled tbe amended motion for a continuance, and set tbe case for call again on Saturday, September 27. On that day tbe appellant presented another motion for a continuance, and tbe court overruled tbe same. Tbe court then set the case for trial at 9:00 o’clock Wednesday morning, October 1. "When tbe case was called for trial at that time, tbe appellant again filed a motion for a continuance, which was in substance tbe same as tbe motion filed on the preceding Saturday. Tbe
The State’s proof was substantially as follows:
Mrs. Juanita Vance testified that she was the wife of Doyle Vance, and that she and her husband and their two children lived about eleven miles northwest of the Town of Houston in Chickasaw County, and that the appellant, Leonard Funderburk, lived about a mile and a half from their home; that the Doyle Vance house was located on the west side of the road and about twenty feet from the road; that Henry Vance, the father of Doyle Vance, lived in his own home, which was about 200 yards north of the Doyle Vance house, and on the east side of the road; and that Farris Vance and his wife lived about 100 yards north of Henry Vance’s house. The witness stated that on the night of December 10, 1951, the appellant and his father, Henry Funderburk, drove up in front of the Doyle Vance home in their automobile and stopped. Doyle Vance went out to the roadside and invited them in. Both men got out of the car, and Henry Funderburk began to curse and told Doyle Vance that he had heard that his daddy had taken out papers for him. Doyle stated that he knew nothing about the matter. Henry Funderburk then said, “Anyone takes out papers for me is looking for trouble. * * * I could kill you.” The conversation lasted about ten or fifteen minutes. Henry Funderburk said: “I have as many guns and ammunition as anyone, and I have come to shoot it out and send every one of you to hell.” Leonard Funderburk then said to his father, “Come on and lets go down there.”
Mrs. Vance stated that the two men then got in their ear and drove to Henry Vance’s house, about 200 yards
Henry Vance testified that he was at Farris Vance’s house when Leonard Funderburk and Henry Funderburk drove up and stopped in front of Doyle Vance’s house. When he saw them stop in front of Doyle’s house, he went over to his own house and got a shotgun, which was already loaded with slugs, and then crossed the road and went over to Doyle’s house. He watched the Funderburks get in their car and drive down the road. He was then standing on the back porch of Doyle’s house. The lights were burning in Farris Vance’s house. He saw the Funderburk car turn around at Farris Vance’s house and come back toward Doyle’s house. When the car got about even with his own house, the occupants of the car started the shooting. When they got close to Doyle’s house they began shooting again. After the
Hal Jolly, who was sheriff of Chickasaw County at the time of the shooting, testified that he received information concerning the shooting soon after the shooting occurred; that he drove to the Town of Houston and arrived there about 10:00 o’clock; that he got his two deputies and proceeded immediately to the neighborhood where the Vances lived in search of Henry and Leonard Funderburk. He found them at Buddy Taylor’s house, a short distance south of Doyle Vance’s house. He met Henry Funderburk on the porch. Henry had a sawed-off shotgun in his hand, which was loaded with buckshot. The sheriff arrested him and took the shotgun away from him. He also arrested Leonard Funderburk. He found a knife and a 25 automatic pistol in the Funderburk car. Both of the Funderburks were drinking. He searched Henry Funderburk and found a half pint of whiskey and a knife on him. He examined the automobile after he had arrested the Funderburks and found that it had a number of bullet holes in it; and he found a pistol and an empty whiskey bottle in the car.
The appellant offered no witnesses to testify in his own behalf and did not testify himself.
The case was submitted to the jury on the testimony of the State’s witnesses and the instructions of the court; and the jury returned a verdict finding the appellant guilty as charged. The appellant was sentenced to the state penitentiary for a term of four years. From that judgment the appellant prosecutes this appeal.
But this Court has held in many cases that the matter of granting a continuance is largely discretionary with the trial court, and that a judgment 'will not be reversed because a continuance is refused, unless there has been an abuse of sound discretion by the trial court. Solomon v. State, 71 Miss. 567, 14 So. 461; Lipscomb v. State, 76 Miss. 223, 25 So. 158; Williams v. State, 92 Miss. 70, 45 So. 146; 15 Ann. Cas. 1026; Ellis v. State, 198 Miss. 804, 23 So. 2d 688; Parker v. State, 201 Miss. 579, 29 So. 2d 910; Bolin v. State, 209 Miss. 866, 48 So. 2d 581. And we think that under the facts in this case there was no abuse of the court’s discretion in its refusal to grant a continuance on account of the absence of the appellant’s co-defendant, Henry Funderburk.
The appellant’s claim for a continuance was not based upon the absence of a witness, who was unavoidably absent on account of illness or for other justifiable cause, or who was beyond the jurisdiction of the court temporarily but would probably be available to testify at the next term of the court. But the witness in this case was a fugitive from justice. He had forfeited his bail bond. His whereabouts were unknown. There was no reasonable certainty that the appellant would be able to procure his attendance at the next term of court; and if he were present he could not be compelled to testify.
In the case of Samuels v. State, 153 Miss 381, 120 So. 920, and in the case of Hodgkin v. State, 172 Miss. 297, 160 So. 562, the Court held that the denial of a motion for a continuance on the ground of the absence of a witness did not constitute reversible error, where it was not shown with any degree of certainty that the presence of a witness could be had at the next term of court.
In the case of Carroll v. Commonwealth, 234 Ky. 441, 28 S. W. 2d 505, the Court held that a defendant was not entitled to a continuance on account of an absent witness who was a fugitive from justice and whose whereabouts were unknown, where there was no showing that the witness could be procured at a future trial. The Court in its opinion in that case said: “Independent, however, of that fact, the law seems to be, except in some exceptional cases to which this one does not belong, that neither a defendant in a criminal prosecution, nor a party to any civil litigation, is entitled to a continuance for an absent witness who is a fugitive from justice and whose whereabouts is unknown. Especially is that true in the absence of a showing of a reasonable probability
In the case of Parker v. State, 179 Ark. 1064, 20 S. W. 2d 113, the Court held that a defendant had no right to demand the postponement of his trial until such time as he might be able to secure the attendance of a fugitive from justice to testify as a witness in his behalf. The Court said, “There was no showing that the attendance of this witness could ever be secured.”
In the case of Brown v. State, 129 Tex. Cr. 394, 87 S. W. 2d 720, the Court held that the trial judge did not abuse his discretion in denying a motion for a continuance asked for in a murder prosecution on the ground of the absence of a witness, who was expected to testify that the deceased had attacked the defendant with brass knueks just before the fatal stabbing, where such witness was a fugitive from justice, and search had been made for him by the sheriff, who was not certain that the witness could be located by the next term of the court. In the case of Sanders v. State, 116 Tex. Cr. 172, 34 S. W. 2d 612, the Court held that an application for a continuance on account of an absent witness was properly overruled, where it was clearly inferable from the bill of exceptions presenting the matter that the witness was a fugitive from justice at the time the appellant’s case was called for trial. The court said that the trial judge was not called upon to continue a case under such circumstances. See also Deckard v. State, 58 Tex. Cr. R 34, 124 S. W. 673; State v. Taylor, 167 La. 1113, 120 So. 875; State v. Dundas, 168 La. 95, 121 So. 586; State v. Chevallier, 169 La. 135, 124 So. 670.
The next point argued by the appellant’s attorney is that the court erred in refusing to delay the trial so that the appellant might obtain a medical report concerning the condition of his mother, Mrs. Henry Funderburk, who had been subpoenaed as a witness to testify on behalf of the appellant. But there was no error in
It is next contended on behalf of the appellant that the court erred in overruling the appellant’s motion for a directed verdict at the conclusion of the State’s evidence, and in refusing to grant the appellant’s request for a peremptory instruction. But there was no error in the action of the court in overruling the appellant’s motion for a directed verdict and in refusing to grant the peremptory instruction; and, in our opinion, the evidence was sufficient to justify the verdict of the jury.
The appellant next contends that the court erred in granting the State’s instruction appearing on page 23 of the record, which authorized the jury to convict the appellant if the jury believed from the evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that the appellant either committed the assault, as charged, or was present and aided and abetted in the commission of the assault. The appellant contends that there was no proof to show that the appellant was directly engaged in the commission of the assault, or that he fired any of the shots at or toward the parties named in the indictment, and that insofar as the instruction authorized the jury to convict him of the assault, the instruction was based upon no evidence whatsoever.
But, according to the testimony of Mrs. Vance, the appellant was driving the car in which he and his father were riding at the time they stopped in front of Doyle Vance’s house, and the appellant was present when Henry Funderburk made the threats, which were directed mainly against Henry Vance, that “anyone takes out papers for me is looking for trouble * * * I have
It was not necessary for the State to prove that the appellant actually fired any of the shots. In the case of McCoy v. State, 91 Miss. 257, 44 So. 814, the Court said: “Each person present, consenting to the commission of the offense and doing any act which is an ingredient in the crime, or immediately connected with it, or leading to its commission, is as much a principal as if he had with his own hand committed the whole offense,” citing Wharton on Homicide (3d Ed.), pp. 49 and 50. See also, Dean v. State, 85 Miss. 40, 37 So. 501; Thomas v. State, 205 Miss. 653, 39 So. 2d 272; Merrell v. State (Miss.), 39 So. 2d 306; Porter v. State (Miss.), 39 So. 2d 307.
The State’s evidence connecting the appellant with the crime went much further than merely showing
Finally, the appellant contends that the court erred in refusing to instruct the jury to disregard certain remarks made by the district attorney in his closing argument, which are set forth in a special bill of exceptions. We do not approve the statement made by the district attorney in his closing argument, to which the appellant interposed objection, and the court should have instructed the jury to disregard the statement. However, the statement complained of was not so prejudicial as to justify a reversal of the judgment of the lower court on that account; and indeed the appellant’s attorneys concede that the action of the court in refusing to instruct the jury to disregard the remarks complained of would not justify a reversal by itself:
We find no reversible error in the record, and the judgment of the lower court is affirmed.
Affirmed.