152 Mo. 202 | Mo. | 1899
Quo warranto to oust defendants from the office of schoo] directors < f school district number Eight, Township Sixty-four, Range Twenty-nine of Harrison county.
Plaintiff obtained judgment in the circuit court, and defendants appealed to the Kansas City Court of Appeals, and that court transferred the case to this court on the ground that the title to an office under this State, is involved, and hence this court has jurisdiction, under section 12 of Article VI of the Constitution. This was a proper order. [State ex rel. v. Bus, 135 Mo. l. c. 334.] This court exercised jurisdiction in a similar case1. [State ex rel. v. Rose, 84 Mo. 198.]
The solution of the question whether there is any such legal organization as School District Number 8, Township 64, Range 29 of Harrison county, determines the right of the defendants to the office involved in this case.
Prior to April 6th, 1891, township 64 contained, inter alia, school districts One and Two. The' former was composed of sections, 1, 2, 3, 10 ,11, 12, 13 and 14, and the latter of sections 4, 5, 6, 1, 8, and 9. Proper preliminary steps were taken prior to the annual meetings in school districts one and two; held on April 6th, 1891, to create a new school district, to be known as school district number Eight by taking sections 3 and 10 from district number One and 4 and 9 from district number Two, nd thus form the proposed new district number Eight.
At the regular annual meetings of districts One and Two, the proposed segregation and consolidation was submitted to the votes of each of such districts and voted upon separately, and the scheme was defeated by a majority vote of each district.
If district number Eight is a legally constituted school district, the defendants are its directors. The crucial question, therefore, is as-to the legal existence of district number Eight, and the true construction of section 7972, R. S. 1889, determines the question involved herein. The portion of that section material to this case is as follows: “When it is. deemed necessary to form a new district, composed of two or more entire districts, or of parts of two or more districts, or to divide one district to form two new districts from the territory therein, or to change the boundary lines of two or more districts it shall be the duty of the district clerk of each district affected, upon the reception of a petition desiring such change, and signed by ten qualified voters residing in any district affected thereby, to post a notice' of such desired change in at least five public places in each district interested fifteen days prior to the time of the annual meeting; and the voters, when assembled, shall decide such question by a majority vote of those who vote upon such proposition. If the assent to such change be giveai by all the animal meetings of the various districts thus voting, or of the parts of a district to be divided, each part voting separately, the district or districts shall be deemed formed or the boundary lines thus changed from that date; but if a part of a district to be divided, or one or more of the districts affected, vote in favor of such change, and the remaining pprt of the district to be divided, or one or more of the districts affected, vote against
This section provides for four contingencies: 1st, to form a new district by consolidating two or more entire districts ; 2nd, to form a new district by carving out parts from two or more districts; 3d, to form a new district by dividing one district into two parts; and 4th, to change the boundary lines of two or more districts.
The history of the evolution of the law into its present shape, throws light upon the intention of the lawmakers and aids in arriving at the true meaning of section 7972.
Provision was made, by section 7023, R. S. 1879, for the formation of new school districts by taking portions of two or more existing districts, and for changing the boundary lines of any district. A notice was required to be posted in three public places, in each district interested, twenty days prior to the time of the annual meeting. It was further prescribed that: “And the voters, when assembled, shall decide such
question by majority vote. If the assent to such formation be given by all the annual meetings of the various districts thus voting, the district shall be deemed formed, or the boundary lines thus changed from that date. But if a part of the districts affected vote in favor of and a part against such change, the matter shall be referred to the county commissioner for final decision, etc.”
So the formation of a new district by taking parts from two or more existing districts was required to be settled by a majority vote of the voters of the existing districts, when assembled in annual meeting. If assent be given “by all the annual meetings of the various districts thus voting,” the district was -deemed formed. But “if a part of the districts” (note the plural number) “affected vote in favor of and a part against such change, the matter shall be referred to1 the county commissioner for final decision.” Thus it will be seen that the proposition was required to be submitted to the voters
By the Act of March 29th, 18$3 (Laws 1883, p. 182), section 7023 B. S. 1879 was repealed and a new section 7023 enacted. The only material change was to provide for the formation of a new district by dividing an existing district. The method of forming a new district by taking off parts of two or more districts was preserved. The provisions relative to the manner of voting were the same as those specified in the repealed section. Some slight changes in procedure by the county commissioner and as to the number of notices of the proposed change, were made.
By the Act of March 31st, 1887 (Laws 1887, p. 259), the Act of 1883 was repealed and a new section 7023 was enacted. This act granted the right to form a new district by consolidating two or more entire districts, or by dividing one district to form two new districts from the territory therein, and also the right to change the boundary lines of two or more districts. It made no change in the notice required nor in the requirements that the proposition should be voted upon at an annual meeting, and still required the majority vote of the voters, when so assembled. The provision of section 7023, above quo Ad as to the voting, was changed so as to read: “If the assent to such change be given by all the annual meet-
Thus the Act of. 1883 provided for the formation of a new district by dividing an existing district into two parts, but made no change in section 7023, which required the proposition to be settled by a vote of the majority of the voters of the district, when duly assembled in an annual meeting of the body corporate. The amendment of 1887, related solely to the method of settling the proposition to divide an existing district and forming a new district out of the part. Eor the first time we here find the power given to the parts of a district to vote separately, and of the right of appeal to the county commissioner to settle a disagreement between people of the same district. But it will be noted that this power was only given in case an existing district was proposed to be divided. It was not given in case two existing districts were to be consolidated, nor in case the boundary lines of two or more districts were to be changed, and in the nature of things no such power was necessary in those cases, for they could properly act as districts.
Thus the law was up to the revision of 1889. The only change, material to the matter now in hand, made by the revision of 1889, was to insert the words, “or of parts of two or more districts,” so as to make it read, “when it is deemed necessary to form a new district, composed of two> or more districts, or of parts of two or more districts.” That is, the law until then contemplated the formation of a new district by the consolidation of two or more existing districts, by
When the Act of 1887 was carried into the revision of 1889, and became section 7972 thereof, it was a mere continuation of the Act of 1887 (with the addition above noted) and not a new enactment except as to such addition. [Section 6606, R. S. 1889.]
It may be argued that the same reason that prompted the legislature to authorize the parts of a district to be divided to vote separately with the right to appeal to the county commissioner if the parts could not agree, exists in favor of allowing the parts of two or more districts to be segregated from their respective bodies, and formed into a new district, to vote separately from their respective districts; that in one instance it is a dividing of the body corporate into two bodies politic, while in the other it is dividing two or more bodies corporate and forming a new corporation of the parts cut off from the two or more districts. The reason and logic of the argument may be conceded, but the argument must fail, because there is no express provision of law authorizing the parts to vote separately except in cases where an existing district is to be divided. In all other cases the statutory procedure is the same as it was under the Revised Statutes of 1879, that the vote must be by districts and not by parts of districts, and the courts must enforce the laws as they are made, without
It follows that as districts One and Two of Township 64, Range 29, of Harrison county, when duly assembled in their •respective annual meetings both voted against the proposition to form the new district number Eight, by taking off parts of districts One and Two respectively, the scheme or proposition to form such new district failed, and the action of the voters in that part of district number One proposed to be detached from that district, in voting separately in favor of the scheme was without authority of law, afforded no basis for an appeal to the county commissioner, and that his decision was of no legal force, and therefore, that there never has been legally established any such district as school district-number Eight, Township 64, Range 29, of Harrison county, and hence the defendants are not the lawful directors of such school district.