53 Mich. 543 | Mich. | 1884
Complainant obtained a divorce from defendant for cruelty, and was granted seven hundred dollars alimony absolutely, and six hundred more in case she should release her dower, — these amounts to be paid in une, two, three and four years, with interest after one year. Defendant appealed generally, and complainant appealed for insufficient alimony.
Complainant, when she married defendant in November, 1876, was doing a fairly prosperous business as a hair-dresser, and had one daughter, named Jennie Farrell, about ten years old. She had no property beyond her business, which was •chiefly made available by her personal exertions. Defendant at
The bill was filed in June, 1880, and complainant by her counsel took testimony and made out her case. By some clandestine arrangement between defendant and her counsel, they without her knowledge or procurement got a decree of divorce with a small amount of alimony, to the extent of $400, with ordinary costs. This decree was made in November, 1880. He had previously offered $500 as a compromise, but complainant declined making any consent arrangement. When she learned of this decree she filed a bill to rescind it for the fraud, and it was rescinded. Both parties afterwards proceeded with proofs, which are very bulky, the complainant having put her case in the hands of new solicitors, and the cause having been transferred to Kent county for disposal.
If divorce eases stood on the same footing with all other cases, we should feel bound to consider defendant as estopped by the decree entered in the first instance by his procurement, so far as the main issue is concerned. But our laws forbid all collusive divorces, and require each case to stand on its proper equities. We must therefore examine into the facts. It is proper to say that complainant has not sought to get any advantage from the old decree which she repudiated as fraudulent, and has invited a hearing on all the merits. ■
The case presents some difficulties concerning a part of the facts, and is supposed by counsel for defendant to raise some legal difficulties also. We shall therefore be obliged to make reference to the general nature of the controversy, but we do not think it desirable to perpetuate by narration the unfortunate details of family strife, beyond the actual necessities of decision. They arose in considerable measure from the complications of families not having the same common ties. While there was some disparity of age, it had no apparent effect on the relations of the parties except through the divers
Upon her marriage complainant gave up her business, and she and her daughter went into the family, consisting generally of these parties and defendant’s three daughters before mentioned. The older married children formed no part of the permanent household.
The grievances which complainant relies on are alleged as consisting chiefly in various forms of domestic tyranny, and more particularly in wounding her feelings by insulting and injurious charges and insinuations against her chastity. But the final and principal ground of complaint was the forcible and violent expulsion of complainant and her daughter from defendant’s house.
Upon the hearing defendant’s counsel very fully vindicated complainant from any imputations of impropriety, and insisted not only that defendant acquitted her of misconduct but had never charged her with it, and had always been and still continued desirous of her return. It is therefore hardly necessary to say that her character appears free from any such stain. But in his answer, he defends not only by making counter-charges of many neglects of duty and acts of ugliness, but by insinuations which are quite as offensive as direct charges of unchaste conduct. The answer is in such a tone as very conclusively negatives any desire for conciliation, or any real affection. And we- cannot but feel that it is somewhat corroborative of complainant’s charges as to defendant’s temper and conduct, as hard and vindictive. The witnesses to the larger part of the home transactions are necessarily such as to have considerable bias, and it becomes necessary to infer the real meaning of ambiguous facts by looking somewhat at results and consequences.
If we had nothing before us but the testimony concerning a large part of the sayings and doings in the family, we could not with any assurance conclude that such discords as appeared reached such a degree as to make the marriage relation
It is difficult to imagine any worse cruelty to a mother than such conduct, if not explained or excused. The only explanation that is given is that by law a husband is not bound to support step-children. Such a rule, if applicable, is no excuse for personal violence and indecent abuse, and it ■could not palliate any cruelty which was resorted to from vindictiveness. But we do not think it has any place in this controversy. And we are not required on this, record to consider what the law is on that general subject.
Complainant was dependent on her own labor and exertions for the support of herself and child, and she had no difficulty in securing it. Defendant knew that this was the case, and he' must have known that none but an unnatural mother would desert her young daughter to become his wife, and that if she had any suspicion that he desired such a result she never would have married him. He has introduced some testimony to show that just after the ceremony she applied to him for leave to bring her daughter with her, and that' he kept a diplomatic silence. If this is true, it is one of the most disgraceful evidences of his character in the whole record. But, to his credit, we do not believe it. The child was at once made a member of the family, and it was only during the latter days of discord that her condition was questioned. It was one of the expedients to break the mother’s rebellious spirit, which, as we cannot but think, was the resort of disappointed obstinacy to compel submission to
We think the divorce should be affirmed. The question of alimony becomes material. In considering it some regard must be paid to the defendant’s family necessities and surroundings. The expense and delay of the appellate proceedings make it necessary to make an additional allowance for legal expenses, and we think $150 should be allowed to be added to the $300 given by the court below. A much larger allowance is asked for by counsel, but we think that the circuit judge probably considered the matter fully, and we see no adequate reason for making any change in his estimate for services below. We presume the defendant has paid the expenses for testimony and other taxable costs. If not, he must do so, and the order may be in form for the payment of the taxable costs, in addition to this allowance of $300 below and $150 here.
We think the alimony allowed absolutely should be increased from $700 to $1000,'of which $200 must be paid within sixty days, and the remainder in two annual installments. As her dower is a right of which we cannot deprive her, we shall not disturb the decree on that subject.
The decree below will be affirmed, subject to these modifications.