144 Mo. App. 660 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1910
This action originated in a justice of the peace court in Greene county, and was tried upon the following amended statement:
“Comes now the plaintiff and states that she is the mother of Woodfin Anderson Tice, a minor under the age of 21 years, and that the^ father of said son, (the former husband of the plaintiff) died on the-day of -, 1906, and that on the 5th day of October, 1908, she married E. G. Franklin. Plaintiff states that at all times mentioned in this petition, plaintiff supported and was liable for the support and maintenance of her son, and received and was entitled to receive his wages, and that at all times herein referred to her son was in her services and under her control, and was so in her services and under her control at the time he contracted the smallpox from the defendant as hereinafter stated.
“Plaintiff states that on the-day of October, 1908, the defendant negligently and carelessly communi*664 cated to the said Woodfin Tice, the smallpox, a highly contagious disease and that thereafter the said Woodfin Tice was taken violently ill with said disease, communicated to him by the defendant as aforesaid, and was very sick therefrom for a period of five weeks, and that during all that time he was confined to his bed, requiring careful nursing and medicine and medical attention.
“Plaintiff states that she lost her son’s services during the time he was sick aforesaid, and that she gave him careful nursing and attention, and that he received the care of other nurses and attendants during the time he was sick as aforesaid, and that plaintiff paid and obligated herself to pay large sums of money for said 'services and for medicine and medical attention, all occasioned by the carelessness and negligence of defendant as aforesaid and all to plaintiff’s damage in the sum of $250.
“Wherefore plaintiff prays judgment against defendant in the sum of $250 and costs of suit.”
Trial was had, and verdict in favor of plaintiff for $190 from which defendant appealed. The case went on change of venue from Greene county to Webster county where it was again tried September, 1909, resulting in a verdict in favor of plaintiff for $200, and defendant has appealed. In the circuit court of Webster county defendant filed a motion asking the court to require the plaintiff to make her statement more definite and certain, which was overruled, and exception saved. The objection made to the statement was that it was too indefinite and uncertain to advise defendant of the. facts. That it failed to state the date of the pretended communication of the smallpox to Woodfin Tice and how communicated. That it fails to state the date when Woodfin Tice was taken violently ill. That it fails to state the date of the period of the pretended illness. That it fails to state the business or avocation in which Woodfin Tice was engaged and the value thereof. That
It occurs to us that the statement filed in this case was sufficient. This action was begun before a justice of the peace where formal pleadings are not required, and as to the allegation of negligence it is as specific as could be asked. Defendant contended that it should have alleged specifically the manner in which the disease called smallpox was claimed to have been communicated by defendant to Woodfin Tice, son of plaintiff. The ultimate fact resulting from the act of defendant was the fact that her son, Woodfin Tice, con-' tracted the disease of smallpox from defendant and was thereby rendered sick and unable to perform labor, and she thereby lost the benefit of his services. If the son was unable to work during that period of time it was from the fact that he was sick, and when the plaintiff alleged that the sickness was smallpox and had been communicated to him by defendant it was sufficiently definite to inform defendant against what he would be required to defend. As to the other allegations, asking that he be required to state the names of nurses, the value of their services, the specific value of medicine and medical attention, we do not think the objection well taken. It has never been thought necessary in cases of personal injury in making an allegation relating to sums of money paid, or obligated to be paid for medicine and medical attention, nursing and care, to go' into details showing the name of the parties and the' amount due to each one, but it has been the practice to make a general allegation of the expenditure of large sums of money for this purpose, and, we think that generally this is sufficient. Whether such a statement should be made more specific upon application of defendant would depend upon whether or not he wanted to raise an issue as to those items and the statement
Defendant objected to the introduction of any testimony and at the close of the evidence demurred thereto, and now insists that under the facts in this case plaintiff was not entitled to go to the jury. The first reason assigned is that the plaintiff, having alleged and proven that her former husband, the father of her son, Woodfin Tice, was dead, and that she had remarried one Franklin, that she could not, after the second marriage, maintain an action for loss of her son’s wages. The plaintiff testified in relation to this question as follows: “Q. State the facts in regard to what he has been doing and whom he has been living with? A. He has been living with me. Q. Whom was he working for at the time he caught the smallpox? A. Of course, I had been clothing him and schooling him. Q. Go ahead and tell the facts where he was working? A. He was working for L. V. Sherwood. Q. What wages was he getting? A. $30 per month. His wages were paid to me. Q. Whom was he living with at the time? A. Living with me, he was my only support up to the time I was married to Mr.' Franklin, of course, he still lives with me yet but he has a little more for his own now; I consumed it all then. I took every bit of his wages before I was married to Mr. Franklin. Q. Do you take all of his wages now? A. I take the most of -it because he clothes himself and clothes his sister and sends her to school. His sister lives with me.” Further that at the time he contracted
The evidence on the part of plaintiff tended to show that on or about October 5, plaintiff’s son, Wood-fin Tice, went in company with another party to a house where defendant was boarding, for the purpose of seeing another boarder who lived at the same house. That on his arrival there defendant was sitting upon the porch and plaintiff’s son went upon the porch near' where defendant was and remained a few minutes, and when he started away defendant walked with him a distance of one hundred feet. That on another occasion, soon after, he met the defendant in a saloon, and was very close to him at that time. Plaintiff’s evidence also tends to show that defendant knew upon both occasions
Defendant asked the court to instruct the jury that plaintiff could not recover unless she had proven that defendant communicated the disease of smallpox to plaintiff’s son, Woodfin Tice, after he, the defendant, himself became aware of and knew he was afflicted- with said disease, and that he so communicated said disease by recklessly, carelessly and negligently bringing himself in contact with the said Woodfin Anderson Tice. Also plaintiff could not recover unless defendant willfully or intentionally communicated the disease of smallpox to plaintiff’s son after defendant had knowledge that he was afflicted with that disease. These instructions were refused, and this is assigned as error. We think they were properly refused. If defendant negligently and carelessly communicated the disease of smallpox to plaintiff’s son, it is immaterial whether it was done willfully or intentionally, and it is also immaterial as to how it was done if it was negligently done. [Kliegle v. Aitken, (Wis.) 35 L. R. A. N. S. 249; Gilbert v. Hoffman (Iowa), 55 Am. Rep. 263; Smith v. Baker (N. Y.), 20 Fed. 709; Cesar v. Karutz (N. Y.), 19 Am. Rep. 164; Marion v. Sharon, 112 Mass. 477.]
Defendant now contends that instruction number one, given on behalf of plaintiff, was erroneous. This instruction is as follows :
“1. The court instructs the jury that if you find and believe from the evidence that plaintiff is the mother of Woodfin Tice, and that he is under the age of 21 years, and that the father of said Woodfin Tice died in 1905 and that on the-.day of October, 1908, the defendant was afflicted with the disease known as smallpox, and after he knew that he had such disease, and while he was so afflicted he negligently and carelessly*669 communicated to plaintiff’s said son said disease and that her said son became sick therefrom, and as a result of having said disease he was unable to perform his usual work, and that plaintiff lost his services by reason thereof, then your verdict should be for the plaintiff.”
The objection to this instruction is as contended by defendant that it placed the right of plaintiff to recover upon the ground that she is the mother of Woodfin Tice and his father is dead, but we do not think that is what the instruction means when read all together. While it might have been more explicit, and might have required the jury to find, before plaintiff could recover, that she was at the time of the alleged communication of the smallpox to her son by the defendant, receiving the wages of her son, yet the jury were required to find, as expressed in the latter part of this instruction, that plaintiff lost the services of her son by reason of defendant having communicated this 'disease to him, and there was really no conflict in the testimony which showed that the wages of the son were expended under the mother’s direction, and we cannot see that the jury could have been misled by the failure of the court to make the instruction as explicit as defendant thinks it should have been. Furthermore, defendant asked no instruction upon that question, and we do not think the verdict could well have been otherwise had the instruction been more explicit.
It is next contended that instruction number two, given on behalf of plaintiff on the measure of damages was erroneous. This instruction is as follows:
“2. If you find that under the evidence and the law as given in these instructions that the plaintiff is entitled to recover, then you should ass’ess her damages at such a sum not to exceed $250 as you believe from the evidence will reasonably compensate her for the loss of her son’s services, if any, for the sums, if any, she has paid or obligated herself to pay for medicine and attention while he was sick, as a result of such disease.”
It is also contended that the verdict is excessive for the reason that the proof is not sufficient upon which to base a verdict for any amount, except the actual loss of wages for the time the son was sick, and in addition thereto, the item of twenty dollars to Doctor Wiley. What we have said in relation to instruction number two applies as well to the contention as to the excessiveness of the verdict, and. we agree with counsel for defendant that the verdict was excessive. The evidence shows, however, that the son was disabled for six weeks. That he was receiving thirty dollars per month, and about this there was no dispute. It also shows that Dr. Wiley’s charge was twenty dollars, and that this was a reasonable charge, and as to this there was no controversy. So the. amount of plaintiff’s damage actually proven was for the wages of forty-five dollars, and medical attention twenty dollars, making a total of sixty-