| Vt. | Jan 15, 1890
The opinion of the court was delivered by
I. The defendant contends that there was no evidence before the County Court tending to establish that the defendant was jointly liable with the intestate to Mr. Hard for his services. Ye think that the whole of Mr. Hard’s testimony, considered in connection with the manner in which he made his-charges, and the testimony of the plaintiff, detailing what the defendant told him about Mr. Hard’s account, and perhaps some-of the other testimony, fairly had a tendency to show such joint-liability. Yhether this court might, or might not, have found therefrom the joint liability established is immaterial. The
II. It is further contended that the County Court, against the exception of the defendant, received inadmissible testimony. .It is unnecessary to determine whether this testimony was, or was not, inadmissible. When the trial is by the court, a commissioner or referee, selected or agreed upon by the parties, it ■has recently been held by this court, that the reception of inadmissible testimony is not available to the excepting party, when ■this court has the assurance of such tribunal in its report of the 'facts found, that its findings were made upon other admissible «testimony, without considering the testimony excepted to. The •■admission of such testimony by such a tribunal, when it states that it has found the facts reported from other admissible testimony, merits consideration different from what it would if the «trial were by the jury. In the latter case, the court erroneously •admits the testimony and attempts to cure the error by charging 'the jury to disregard it. It may be doubtful if they can wholly •disregard it, after having once received it as proper testimony. ’This court, at least, has no positive assurance from the jury that ■each of them has wholly disregarded it. Then from the nature •of the tribunal, voluntarily selected by the parties, it must be informed of the nature and character of the testimony offered, to enable it to determine in regard to its admissibility. From ¡such offer the tribunal must receive much the same bias, it would from a reception of the testimony. The doctrine of the court •that, in a trial by jury the court cannot receive, against exception, inadmissible testimony, and cure the error by charging the jury to disregard it, does not generally obtain in other jurisdictions and cannot be extended to trials by the court, commissioners or referees, where the tribunal must, in the first instance, ■'be informed of the nature of the testimony to pass upon its ¡admissibility. To sustain such a contention would make the
The judgment of the County Court is affirmed„