84 F. 644 | 3rd Cir. | 1898
This matter is brought before the court on an appeal from an order of the circuit court granting a preliminary injunction restraining the appellant (the defendant below) from infringing certain letters patent issued to Augustus Hclmltz, bearing the date January 8, 1884, and numbers 291,784 and 291,785. These patents were sustained in this court in Patent Co. v. Zahn, 17 C. C. A. 552, 70 Fed. 1003, and again declared valid in this circuit, after full hearing upon allegations of newly-discovered evidence, in Patent Co. v. Adams, 77 Fed. 191. This latter case was affirmed on appeal (26 C. C. A. 326, 81 Fed. 178); Ms honor, .Judge Dallas (speaking for tills court), declaring, that the decision of the court in Patent Co. v. Zahn, supra, “should be regarded as a, finality until sufficient reason for departing from it shall have been made to plainly appear, and that the appellees should not, upon a motion to dissolve a preliminary injunction, be deprived of the advantage they hold as owner of a patent adjudged by a court of appeals to be valid, upon anything less than thoroughly convincing additional proofs.” None such have been offered upon tMs hearing. The sole question, therefore, is one of infringement. In determining the validity of the patents in question (Patent Co. v. Zahn), this court described them as being a process for tawing hides and skins by subjecting them to chemical action, with the definite object of converting them into leather.” The steps of the process consisted in “subjecting the hides or skins to the action of a bath prepared from a metallic salt, sncli as bichromate of potash, and then to the action of a bath evolving sulphurous acid,” etc., “substantially as described.” It appears from the record in this case that the defendant is engaged in the tanning of hides and skins, and that for that purpose it uses a process which consists in first subjecting the hide or skin to a bath consisting of sulphate of alumina, muriatic acid, water, and bichromate of potash; the proportion of these elements being 2} pounds of sulphate of alumina, 2% pounds of mu-riatic acid, and 5 pounds of bichromate of potash, to each 100 pounds of hides or skins. After the hide or skin has been subjected to this first bath, it is put in a second bath, evolving sulphurous acid, which does not differ from that prescribed by the complainant’s process. The question at issue, then, is whether the defendant has merely modified the complainant’s process by adding some sulpha,te of alumina to its first bath, or whether, by its addition, it thereby actually taws the hides, and uses the bichromate of potash merely for coloring, or as a mordant. The admixture of sulphate of alumina, bichromate of potash, and muriatic acid does not form a compound; but they will each form a compound, with the skin or hide, of aluminum aud chromium. Each will have its own independent results. What these results will be can be best determined