159 Iowa 571 | Iowa | 1913
The plaintiff is the widow of "William Flynn. His death was caused by the collision of a motor car with a switch engine July 16, 1910. He was defendant’s roadmaster, and, upon returning to Marshalltown from the east over defendant’s road, he dropped from the motor car on which he was riding shortly before it ran into the tender of a switch engine, which was backing, and ran over him before stopped. Edward Sheridan was appointed administrator of the estate of deceased in April, 1911, and, discovering no other assets of
For value received, I, the undersigned, Edward Sheridan, administrator of the estate of William Flynn, do hereby sell and assign and transfer unto Margaret Flynn the certain cause of action owned by me as administrator, based upon the death of William Flynn on July 16, 1910, caused by the negligence of the Chicago Great Western Railroad Company, and I do hereby authorize the said Margaret Flynn to commence action thereon and to prosecute the same and collect the same, all with the same force and effect as I could do as administrator, as aforesaid. The cause of action aforesaid and the negligence aforesaid arises out of a collision between a switch engine belonging to said railroad, and a motor ear upon which said William Flynn was riding, and occurred in the yards at Marshalltown, Iowa, the said collision throwing the said Flynn from said motor car and killing him. Signed this 19th day of April, A. D. 1911. [Signed] Edward Sheridan, Administrator.
At the same time Mrs. Flynn executed this paper:'
Cannon Falls, Minn. April 22, 1911. Received of Edward Sheridan written assignment of the cause of action arising out of the death of my husband, William Flynn, hereby agree to protect said Sheridan from all claims, expenses, or costs in connection with the action brought by me thereon, and to pay from any amount recovered, the attorney’s fees heretofore agreed by me to be paid to the firm of Wade, Dutcher & Davis and I hereby exempt said Sheridan from any obligation to employ attorneys or to go to further trouble or expense in connection with said claim. [Signed] Mrs. Margaret Flynn.
Decedent left two children, a girl thirteen and a boy eleven years of age, who are residing with their mother, the plaintiff. The defendant pleaded that the assignment, as it was
On the merits of this plea, it is to be observed that section 3443 of the Code exacts that:
All causes of action shall survive and may be brought notwithstanding the death of the person entitled or liable to the same.
Section 3444: The right of civil remedy is not merged in a public offense, but may in all cases be enforced independently of and in addition to the punishment of the latter.
Section 3445: Any action contemplated in the two preceding sections may be brought, or the court, on motion, may allow the action to be contiilued, by or against the legal representatives or successors in interest of the deceased. Such action shall be deemed a continuing one, and to have accrued to such representative or successor at the time it would have accrued to the deceased if he had survived.
That the administrator might have prosecuted the action appears from the statutes quoted, but could he transfer it to another without consideration, or, in other words, give it away? Notwithstanding the statutes of this state authorizing the sale of the assets of an estate on the order of court (section 3322, Code), the common-law rule prevails that the administrator may dispose thereof, including choses in action, and pass good title without such order. Everett v. Railway, 73 Iowa, 443; Marshall County v. Hanna, 57 Iowa, 374. Such statutes are construed to be for the protection of the administrator and not as a limitation on his power, and this appears to be the consensus of judicial opinion, though counsel for appellant have cited decisions to the contrary, but these rest on statutes which in effect prohibit sales in the absence of an order by the court. Weyer v. Bank, 57 Ind. 198; Wyatt’s Adm’r v. Rambo, 29 Ala. 510, (68 Am. Dec. 89); Winningham v. Holloway, 51 Ark. 385, (11 S. W. 579).
Conceding that an administrator may in good faith transfer choses in action for a valuable consideration, it does not follow that he may rob those entitled to the estate by giving these away. Whether, had there been no outstanding obligations, the administrator might have distributed the estate by assigning the cause of action to the widow and children under section 3364 of the Code, saying: “The property itself shall be distributed in kind when that can be satisfactorily and equitably done,” is not now involved, for the assignment was to the widow and utterly deprived the two children of their
Undoubtedly the assignee of an individual or private corporation may maintain an action on an assigned chose in action, even though the transfer were without consideration. Gere v. Insurance Co., 67 Iowa, 272; Searing v. Berry, 58 Iowa, 20; Small v. Railway, 55 Iowa, 582; Lehman v. Press, 106 Iowa, 389. These differ from like transfers by an administrator and possibly other officers, for, as his duty is to conserve the estate for the benefit of those entitled thereto, to dissipate it by giving away the assets is in excess of the powers conferred by his appointment. Otherwise such an officer might distribute the assets of an estate among his friends gratuitously and leave those entitled to the property the poor satisfaction of obtaining reparation through an action on his bond. And this even though the recipients of his illegal bounty were aware, in receiving the gifts, that he was violating the law and betraying a trust. We are not ready to carry the doctrine authorizing the administrator to sell at private treaty to such absurd limits.
We have discovered no authorities on the precise question, and counsel have cited none. In Re Estate of Radovich,
For the error in not sustaining but ignoring the plea in abatement, the judgment is Reversed.