296 Mass. 101 | Mass. | 1936
This is an action of contract in which the plaintiff seeks to recover $23,931.30, with interest, on account of a written guaranty under seal, signed by the decedent, Ida Cook Appleton, wherein the decedent guaranteed the due fulfilment of all the obligations of her husband, Francis H. Appleton, who owed the plaintiff the sum of $23,931.30 at the time of the trial of this action.
The case was tried on an agreed statement of facts, and a finding for the defendant was entered. The plaintiff duly filed its claim for a report to the Appellate Division, which reversed the decision of the trial judge and ordered the entry of judgment for the plaintiff in the sum of $23,931.30, with interest thereon. The case is before this court on the defendant’s appeal from the decision of the Appellate Division.
The material facts are set forth in the agreed statement of facts which was presented to the court, together with the further statement of facts made by attorneys for both parties at the time of trial, in lieu of the introduction of testimony. The agreed facts and the exhibits, omitting the headings, were in substance as follows: Ida Cook Appleton, before her death on January 26, 1933, was the wife of Francis H. Appleton, On December 2, 1930, the said
In addition to the foregoing, the parties agreed at the trial that the note (a photostatic copy of which was affixed to the agreed statement of facts) was the last of a series of renewal notes and was the only note in the possession of the plaintiff; that as each note was given the plaintiff returned to Francis H. Appleton, the maker, the old note; and that at the time the guaranty was given the indebtedness of Francis H. Appleton to the plaintiff was the balance due on an indebtedness of $50,000, incurred in April, 1930. Further, that the court could draw inferences of fact from the facts agreed upon. “No objection was made to the materiality of any facts set forth in the agreed statement of facts.”
Ida Cook Appleton died on January 26, 1933. The defendant was duly appointed administrator of her estate by the Probate Court of Norfolk County, and duly qualified as such administrator on April 11, 1934. At the trial, before argument, the plaintiff filed eight written requests for rulings of law. The second, seventh and eighth requests were as follows: “2. If the plaintiff had the guaranty of Ida Cook Appleton securing the indebtedness of Francis H. Appleton to it, the acceptance, of a renewal note by the plaintiff will not be construed as taken in payment of the original obligation, but the renewal note will be considered only new evidence of the original obligation.” “7. If Ida Cook Appleton executed a guaranty of the obligations of Francis H. Appleton to the plaintiff and if it provided in the guaranty ‘and that without notice to the undersigned or without affecting the liability hereunder, the said Bank may enforce its rights against the principal obligor and/or may take or release security and/or surrender documents, grant extensions, renewals and indulgences’, and if on March 3,
The trial judge found for the defendant, filed a finding of fact and refused to grant the plaintiff’s seventh and eighth requests. The second request was given “if before death without revocation but denied otherwise.” The “Finding of Fact” was as follows: “I find as a matter of fact that each time a note became due the old note was returned to the maker, and that that act was payment; and that the plaintiff in taking a new note after guarantor’s death created a new obligation taken after her death and released the maker’s estate of any liability.” The question presented to the Appellate Division is, Was the trial judge warranted, upon the facts presented by the agreed statement, in finding that the note of March 3, 1933, constituted a payment of the previous note, and created a new obligation to which the guaranty did not apply?
The guaranty is, by its own terms, a revocable guaranty. It specifically provides for the fulfilment of obligations incurred after the date of the guaranty and before receipt by the plaintiff of notice, in writing, from the guarantor of
Was the note a new obligation or was it a renewal only of the prior obligations which remained unpaid? The defendant stated in his brief that he “does not admit that it is possible, upon the facts in this case, to distinguish between the indebtedness of said Francis H. Appleton to the plaintiff and the note dated March 3, 1933, which was the only evidence of such indebtedness held by the plaintiff, and thus contend that the guaranty executed by said Ida Cook Appleton under date of December 2, 1930, applied to such indebtedness and not to the note.” As was said in Agricultural National Bank of Pittsfield v. Brennan, 295 Mass. 325, 327-328. “The liability of a guarantor is to be ascertained from the terms of the written instrument by which the obligation is expressed, construed according to the usual rules of interpretation in the light of the subject matter, the well understood usages of business, the relations of the parties to each other and to the transaction, and all other material circumstances.” The contention of the defendant, that the instrument of guaranty was discharged by the surrender of the old notes to the maker, when other notes were given in renewal or substitution, cannot be supported. Although in general the taking of a negotiable note for a preexisting' account or note is a discharge of the old note and an acceptance of the new note in place of it, that presumption does not arise if it appears that it will be for the benefit of the creditor that the old note be kept alive. Cotton v. Atlas National Bank, 145 Mass. 43, 45. Freedman v. Peoples
Order of Appellate Division affirmed.