28 F. 231 | U.S. Circuit Court for the District of Southern New York | 1886
This is an action to recover damages for the erection of the defendant’s railroad track and station-house in front of the plaintiff’s banking-house at the corner of Twenty-third street and Third avenue, in the city of New York. It has been once before tried, with a verdict for the plaintiff, which was set aside, and a new trial granted. 24 Fed. Rep. 114. It has now been heard on a motion by the defendant fox a new trial for alleged errors in law occurring on the second trial.
The first ground urged for granting the motion is that it was error to admit evidence of damage to the plaintiff accruing after the commencement of the action. This evidence was admitted without objection. The defendant reserved no question about it until the evidence was all in, and the charge to the jury was reached. Then the court charged the jury that if the plaintiff was entitled to recover damages for the erection of the tracks and station-house in the street in front of the hank building, it would be entitled to recover the amount shown by the evidence, down to the time of trial. To this part of the charge the defendant excepted, and the correctness of it is a question in the case. The, plaintiff’s right of recovery was strictly and carefully limited to damages caused by the structure itself, as it was originally constructed, and nothing was allowed in addition for the consequences of the use of it for the running of trains, or anything done from day to day. It was all directly connected with the first wrong. By section 544 of the Code of Procedure of New York,
A new trial for this would not give the defendant the benefit of any different principles as to its liability, but would merely give it another chance before a jury, which, of course, it should have' if legally entitled to it, but otherwise not. These considerations make it unnecessary to consider whether, in a case like this, where what was done was done wholly outside the plaintiff’s premises, and was completed before the commencement of the suit, the recovery should be to the time of trial, or only to the commencement of the action.' There are many Cases where the question was whether the damages for the permanent injury to the property — as if the nuisance should always remain —were recoverable or not, but this precise question does not appear to have been often decided, and is not free from difficulty. Everson v. Powers, 89 N. Y. 528; Backhouse v. Bonomi, 9 H. L. Cas. 503; Fowle v. New Haven & Northampton Co., 112 Mass. 338; Mayne, Dam. 59-64; Uline v. New York Cent. & H. R. R. Co., 4 N. E. Rep. 536, (New York court of appeals, January 19, 1886.)
The next question is as to the exclusion of evidence to show that if the buildings on the opposite side of Third avenue were raised as high as the law and ordinances of the city allow, the defendant’s structure would be in their shadow' during all the time that the plaintiff’s building is in its shadow, so that it would not intercept any direct rays of the sun towards that building. The admissibility of this evidence rests upon the claim that because others have a right to do what would shade the plaintiff’s building the defendant is not liable for shading it to the extent of that right. The defendant, however, does not have, or stand at all upon, the rights of those other persons. The buildings were not raised to that height, and the plaintiff would have enjoyed the light which the defendant’s structure did intercept, but for that structure which the defendant, as against the plaintiff, had no right to erect. There is no ownership in light itself, as it is diffused, and the jury has not awarded anything to the plaintiff for what belonged to any one else. This evidence would not have shown that the injury was to others, and not to the plaintiff.
The next question is as to the admissibility of evidence to show that the general value of the plaintiff’s building was increased by the building of the defendant’s road. The injury to the permanent value of the building was not on trial. The question submitted to the jury' was as to the injury to the use of the building during the time in question. No evidence offered bearing upon that question was ex^ eluded. The evidence on both sides was full as to the value of the use without the road there, in comparison with that value with the road there; as to that value before the road was built, and after the road was built.
Finally, the defendant claims that a verdict should have been directed for the defendant. The case has not been allowed to go beyond, if it has not been narrowed within, the principles laid down by the majority of the court in Story v. New York Elevated R. Co., 90
Motion for new trial overruled, stay of proceedings vacated, and judgment to be entered on the verdict.