157 S.E. 797 | N.C. | 1931
CLARKSON, J., concurs in result. Special proceeding under C. S., 2593, to determine ownership of surplus funds paid into office clerk Superior Court by trustee in foreclosure of deed of trust on real estate situate in New Hanover County.
Several years ago T. A. Green, a nonresident of the State, was the owner of a hotel in the city of Wilmington, which was encumbered by mortgage or deed of trust and other liens. Foreclosure was had under the first deed of trust, and a surplus of $3,035.39 paid into office clerk Superior Court by the trustee for distribution according to law. C. S., 2592. The plaintiff claims a lien on the surplus funds in the hands of the clerk, while the corporate and partnership defendants are unsecured creditors of the said T. A. Green.
The petition was filed herein and summons issued 31 January, 1930, which was duly served on all the defendants, except T. A. Green, who was not to be found in New Hanover County. In apt time verified answers were filed by the corporate and partnership defendants, and in the answer of the North-Smith Coal Company, filed 10 February, 1930, it was set forth that the said T. A. Green was not a resident of this State, but was a resident either of the State of Florida or of the State of South Carolina.
On 19 February, 1930, alias summons (though bearing date of the original) was issued by the clerk of the Superior Court of New Hanover County, accompanied by copy of the petition, to the sheriff of Spartanburg County, South Carolina, which was personally served on the defendant, T. A. Green, 11 March, 1930, and return made in form as provided by C. S., 491. No order for service of summons and petition by publication or personally in another State, was entered by the clerk prior to sending papers to the sheriff of Spartanburg County, South Carolina, nor was there any affidavit, other than answer of North-Smith Coal Company, before the clerk, setting out the defendant's place of residence.
Judgment by default was taken against the defendant, T. A. Green, for want of an answer, 30 June, 1930, as appears by the record.
Thereafter, on 12 July, 1930, the First National Bank of Spartanburg, S.C., entered a special appearance and moved to set aside the default *537 judgment, entered against the defendant, T. A. Green, alleging that on 23 April, 1930, the said T. A. Green, for a recited sum of "one dollar and other valuable consideration," executed to the said bank an assignment of all his right, title and interest in and to the funds involved in this proceeding. This assignment was, on 8 May, 1930, registered in the office of the register of deeds of New Hanover County, and in it the said T. A. Green recites and declares himself to be a resident of the State of Florida.
On 16 July, 1930, the defendant, T. A. Green, entered a special appearance and moved to "quash the service of process in this case because not authorized by the laws of North Carolina."
The motions of T. A. Green and the First National Bank of Spartanburg were denied by the clerk, and this ruling was affirmed by the judge of the Superior Court.
The defendant, T. A. Green, appeals, assigning error. after stating the case: The record contains no statement of case on appeal, hence we are limited to a consideration of the judgment, the appeal itself being an exception thereto. Parker Co. v. Bank, ante, 441.
The appellant rests his case upon the ground that the requirements of the statute, C. S., 491, providing for personal service on nonresidents in lieu of publication, have not been observed, in that, it is alleged, the place of residence of the nonresident defendant was not made to appear to the clerk by affidavit prior to his mailing copy of summons and petition to the sheriff of Spartanburg County, South Carolina, for service. But the clerk did have before him, at the time of issuing alias summons, not only the sheriff's return that the said T. A. Green was not to be found in New Hanover County, but also the verified answer of the North-Smith Coal Company to the effect that he was a nonresident of the State, and the summons issued to Spartanburg County, South Carolina, was personally served upon the defendant and due return made thereon.
Under circumstances quite similar to those disclosed by the present record, it was held in the case of Vick v. Flournoy,
Service by publication as authorized by C. S., 484, is quite different from personal service on a nonresident under C. S., 491, and so the requirements of the two are different. Ratio legis est anima legis; mutatalegis ratione, mutatur et lex. Foundation for service under the former statute must be laid in strict compliance with its provisions, for the very good reason that when personal service is not had actual knowledge of the proceeding may come too late to avail the party whose property is sought to be taken. Fowler v. Fowler,
Furthermore, it would seem that T. A. Green, the only appealing defendant, "sawed the limb off between himself and the tree," to quote the language of Clark, C. J., in Vaughan v. Davenport,
Again, no notice of appeal was served on the North-Smith Coal Company, or the other defendants, and motion to affirm the judgment as to them must be allowed. Wallace v. Salisbury,
Affirmed.
CLARKSON, J., concurs in result. *539