219 P. 479 | Cal. Ct. App. | 1923
Petitioner seeks to be discharged from the custody of the sheriff of the city and county of San Francisco, by whom he is held under an order of the superior court adjudging him guilty of contempt in failing and refusing to pay certain sums as alimony in a divorce proceeding.
The record shows that on the third day of April, 1922, the court below in the divorce action entered an order requiring petitioner to pay the sum of $50 on or before the fourteenth day of April, 1922, and a like sum on or before the seventh day of each and every month thereafter until the further order of the court as and for alimony and maintenance pending the divorce action, and the sum of $25 on account of counsel fees, together with certain costs, and that such order is still in full force and effect. It also appears that after making certain payments petitioner became in arrears, whereupon his wife obtained an order to show cause why petitioner should not be punished for contempt of court in failing to make payments. Upon the hearing petitioner was committed to jail for failure to comply with the order. He applied for a writ of habeas corpus before this court, and upon the hearing he was discharged from custody, this court holding that as the affidavit of petitioner's wife on the order to show cause, which was the basis of the hearing on which petitioner was committed, was made on information and belief as to petitioner's ability to comply with the order, it was insufficient, and that the court below, in the absence of positive averments upon the subject, was without jurisdiction to hear or determine the matter. The order of commitment was accordingly declared void.
The petition further shows that since his discharge and upon the thirteenth day of July, 1923, the wife again obtained an order to show cause why petitioner should not be punished for contempt for failure to comply with the terms of the original order. The matter came on regularly for hearing on the thirteenth day of July, 1923. The affidavit upon which this hearing was based was also made by the wife, and it failed to allege either upon information and belief or otherwise any facts tending to show that petitioner was able to comply with the court's order. It also appeared on the hearing that petitioner had paid under *660 the order the sum of $335.50, but that there was still owing and unpaid from petitioner to his wife the sum of $499.50.
On August 31, 1923, when the matter was again brought on for hearing, petitioner testified that he had paid the sum of $24 under the order, and he claimed that this sum was all he had earned since July 13, 1923. The court thereupon ordered him imprisoned indefinitely and until he complied with the order in full.
It is claimed that such order is void for the reason that the court exceeded its jurisdiction in ordering that petitioner be imprisoned beyond a period of five days, and for the further reason that it was made upon insufficient testimony upon the question of petitioner's ability to comply therewith. It is also urged as an additional reason for a reversal that the commitment is based upon an insufficient affidavit, and is therefore void.
[1] It is an established doctrine that in a proceeding to punish for an alleged contempt the finding of the court as to the ability of the contemner to comply with the terms of the order is conclusive on habeas corpus, and the prisoner cannot be discharged from custody if the facts showing jurisdiction appear upon the record (Ex parte Spencer,
This brings us to the question as to the sufficiency of the initiatory affidavit.
[4] In a proceeding for the punishment of a constructive contempt, that is, one committed out of the presence of the court, the affidavit of facts forming the basis of judicial *661
action constitutes the complaint, and it must show upon its face a contempt of court; if it does not, then the court is wanting in jurisdiction and the order of contempt is void, as the absence of a recital of jurisdictional facts is the equivalent of the utter absence of an affidavit (Overend v. Superior Court,
This precise situation existed at the time of the hearing of the former application upon habeas corpus when defendant was discharged, but the case last cited was not then brought to the attention of the court. Both the present and the former order of commitment recite that petitioner has at all times since April 3, 1922, the date of the original order, been and now is amply able to comply with its terms. This being so, for the reason stated we will not adhere to the rule adopted by this court upon the former hearing.
The writ is discharged and the prisoner remanded.
St. Sure, J., concurred.