Ex parte Farrell

Feb 10, 1916
Versions:71 So. 462
196 Ala. 434
1916 Ala. LEXIS 372
MAYFIELD, J.

This is аn original application to this court for a writ of mandamus, to be directed to the chancellor of the Northeastern chancery division, directing him to set aside and annul an order heretofore made by him, which order dismissed out of thе chancery court petitioner’s application for alimony and suit money pending an appeal from thе chancery court decree which divorced petitioner from her husband and allowed her both permanent alimony and suit money for prosecuting and defending the divorce proceedings.

It was ruled by this court in the case of Brady v. Brady, 144 Ala. 414, 39 South. 237, that an appeal would not lie from an interlocutory order directing the payment of alimony pendente lite, and that mandamus was the proper remedy to vacate such interlocutory order or decree; and the rule has been repeatedly followеd by this court in later cases. The petition to the chancellor for alimony pending the appeal, and this application for mandamus, are based on the decisions in the above indicated cases. The rulings in those cases, however, do not control the ruling in the case at hand. There is a final decree in this case, determining all the rights of the parties to the divorce, including the right to both permanent and temporary alimony. ‍‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍This decree will support an аppeal; in fact, an appeal had been taken before the application was made to the chancellor. A supersedeas bond ■had been executed and approved, and the entire procеeding removed from the chancery court to this court. The chancery court and the chancellor had therеfore lost all control over the parties and the subject-matter before the application was ever made to the chancellor. Assuredly, this court will not compel the chancellor to do what he has no authority tо do. Had he issued the order as prayed, this court would have issued a mandamus prohibition, or other writ, appropriаte and necessary to right the wrong.—Ex parte Montgomery, 114 Ala. 115, 14 South. 365, in *436which case it was said, with apt reference .here: “There are exceptions to the rule that ‘an appeal, properly perfected, .removes a case wholly and absolutely frоm the trial court and places it in the higher tribunal’ (Elliott, App. Proc. § 541; Allen v.. Allen, 80 Ala. 154), it is quite true (Elliott, App. Proc. § 542), but the present case is nоt one of them. The lower court, pending an appeal, may proceed in matters which-are entirely collateral to that part of the case which is taken up, but it can do nothing in ‍‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍respect of any matter or question which is involved in the appeal, and which may be adjudged by the appellate court. The operation of the mаndamus here prayed would be, as we have seen, to compel precisely this to be done by the court below.”

Mr. Elliott in his work above cited (section 541) says: “The overwhelming weight of authority is that an appeal, properly perfected, removes a case wholly and absolutely from the trial court and places it in the higher tribunal. It is difficult to cоnceive how it could be otherwise, since it is not possible that two courts can have authority over a single cаse at the same time. The case must, of invincible necessity, be in the higher court or in the lower court, for it cannot be in both courts. As the authority of the inferior yields to the superior, the case is, for all purposes connected with the consideration and decision of the questions involved in it, completely within the jurisdiction of the appellate tribunal.”

The same author (section 543) makes the pointed statement that: “Where a decree is entered in a suit for divorce, and an appeal ‍‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍is perfected, alimony cannot, as it has been held, be allowed during the pendency of the appeal by the trial court.”

To this text is cited Lewis v. Lewis, 20 Mo. App. 546; Cralle v. Cralle, 81 Va. 773; Pasour v. Lineberger, 90 N. C. 159. The first two cases are exactly in point and support the text. In the Virginia case it is said: “Although, perhaps, an appeal in a chancery cause does not here, any more than in England, stop the proceedings under the decree from which the appeal is taken, yet there can be no manner of doubt but that the effect of an appeal, when fully perfected by the execution of the proper supersedeas bond, is to deprive the subordinate court of all power over the parties and subject-matter of controversy, until the cause is remanded back for its further action; and the only orders, therefore, which that cоurt can rightfully make are such as are needful for the preservation of the res and the rights of the parties *437pending the appeal.—Slaughter House Cases, 10 Wall. 273 [19 L. Ed. 915]; Littlejohn v. Ferguson, 18 Grat. [Va.] 53; Moran v. Johnston, 26 Grat. [Va.] 108.”

The Suprеme Court of the United States seems ‍‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍to follow the same rule. In the case of Keyser v. Farr, 105 U. S. 265, 26 L. Ed. 1025, it is said: “After the acceptancе of the bonds for the appeal, and the docketing of the cause in this court, the jurisdiction of the court below wаs gone. From that time the suit was cognizable only in this court. In Goddard v. Ordway, 101 U. S. 145 [25 L. Ed. 1040], there was nothing more than the formal order of allowancе entered, as in this case, with the final decree. Such an order, while in ‍‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍that condition, it was held, wa's subject to the contrоl which every court retains over its ordinary judgments during the term. In Droper v. Davis, 102 U. S. 370 [26 L. Ed. 121], however, it was decided that, after a bond had-been acсepted by one of the judges in accordance with such an order of allowance, the jurisdiction was transferrеd from the court below.”

We are not unmindful of the rule, that decrees for alimony, as annual allowances, are not final in the sense that they cannot be subsequently changed. Such decrees are usually left open, and subject to bе changed, as the circumstances and necessities of the case may require.—Clisby v. Clisby, 160 Ala. 572, 49 South. 445, 135 Am. St. Rep. 110.

On appeal, this court can alter or change the result in the lower court, or direct the chancery court to change it, as present or subsequent facts may justify.

Mandamus ■ denied.

Anderson, C. J., and Somerville and Thomas, JJ., concur.