Ewald was convicted in the Superior Court of DeKalb County of aggravated assault. On appeal he contends the trial court erred (1) by allowing a witness to present hearsay testimony; (2) by admitting state evidence without first establishing a chain of custody; (3) by allowing the state to attack the character of appellant’s wife, a defense witness; (4) by denying appellant’s motion for mistrial, which was based on improper and prejudicial comments by the prosecuting attorney in his closing argument; and (5) by giving three improper charges to the jury.
1. About 1:30 a.m. on March 1,1979 appellant stabbed a young man in a parking lot outside of Uncle Toms Tavern. Dewey Brown, a police sergeant, was sitting in a patrol car across the street and when he saw a large group of people in the parking lot fighting, he drove across the street to investigаte. Brown testified tbat as he got out of his patrol car, people were yelling “He has a knife.” A defense objection to this testimony on the ground that it was hearsay was *69 overruled, and Ewald contends this was error as he was denied his right to. confront the witnesses against him in violation of the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. (Code Ann. § 1-806).
The statements made by people yelling when Brown arrived on the scene were made while the fighting was going on and were part of one continuing transaction; as suсh the statements are admissible as part of the res gestae. Code Ann. § 38-305;
Haralson v. State,
2. The shirt and trousers worn by the victim of the stabbing were admitted in evidence, and Ewald contends that a proper сhain of custody was not established for admission of these items. However, the victim himself identified the shirt and trousers as those worn by him the night of the stabbing, and testified as to the condition of the shirt and trousers before and after the stabbing. Since it was not necessary to establish the chain of custody for these items of evidence, we find no error. Distinct рhysical objects which can be identified upon mere observation require no custodial proof for their admission.
Gray v. State,
3. Appellant’s wife, who was pregnant at the time of trial, testified and on cross-examination the prosecuting attorney asked if the baby she was carrying was appellant’s child. Defense counsel objected on the ground of irrelevance and asked that the matter be taken up outside the presence of the jury. The court denied the request, but made no ruling on the objеction. Appellant contends this was error, as it wrongfully attacked the witness’ character and indirectly attacked appellant’s character. Appellant cites no authority to support his contention. Further, no ruling was made on appellant’s objection and this court has held that “[i]f no ruling is ever made on an objection it is deemed waived.”
International &c. Local 387 v. Moore,
4. Appellant contends the trial court erred in its handling of exculpatory material obtained by appellant through a Brady motion (Brady v. Marylаnd,
5. Apрellant contends that the cumulative effect of improper remarks by the prosecuting attorney in his closing argument required a mistrial and the trial court’s denial of appellant’s motion for a mistrial was error. During the course of the prosecuting attorney’s closing argument appellant interposed six objections; three of the objections were overruled, two objections were sustained and when the final objection was made the prosecuting attorney agreed that his statement was incorrect, advised the jury it was incorrect and apologized to the jury for making the statement. Thus, our only concern is with the remarks made to which objections were overruled. An examination of the transcript shows clearly that the remarks objected to related directly to testimony presented during the trial; thus, the remarks were not improper, and we find no error in denial of the motion for a mistrial. The trial court has broad discretion in ruling on such a motion and this court will not disturb the ruling in the absence оf a manifest abuse of discretion, and a mistrial is essential to preserve a defendant’s right to a fair trial.
McCormick v. State,
6. Apрellant contends the trial court erred in refusing a request
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to instruct on simple battery. However, there is absolutely no evidence to support such a charge. All оf the state’s evidence indicated that appellant stabbed the victim 11 times; the only defense evidence was to the effect that appellant did not evеn strike the victim, but was merely trying to separate the victim and another man who were fighting. The state’s evidence established clearly that an aggravated assault occurred, and this court has held that “ [w]here the evidence shows completion of the crime, it is not necessary for the court to charge on a lesser included offense.”
Craighead v. State,
7. Appellant contends the following charges given by the court were erroneous. “Ladies and Gentlemen, I charge you that the acts of a person of sоund mind and discretion are presumed to be the product of the person’s will, but the presumption may be rebutted.
“Ladies and Gentlemen of the jury, I charge you a persоn of sound mind and discretion is presumed to intend the natural and probable consequences of his acts, but the presumption may be rebutted.
“Ladies and Gentlemen of thе jury, I charge you a person will not be presumed to act with criminal intention, but the trier of fact, that is, you the jury may find such intention .upon consideration of all the words, cоnduct, demeanor, motive, and all other circumstances connected with the* act for which the accused is prosecuted.”
The contention that the three charges recited above were erroneous has been decided adversely to appellant.
Tucker v. State,
Judgment affirmed.