21 Mo. App. 648 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1886
delivered the opinion of the court.
This is an action for the killing, of the plaintiff’s-mule by a running locomotive of the defendant. The petition contained three counts. The first was for a negligent killing, with a specification that the train was-running at a rate exceeding six miles an hour within the limits of the city'of St. Louis, in violation of a municipal ordinance. The second charged that, at a point where the defendant’s railroad was not enclosed by a lawful fence, and where there was no crossing of any public-highway, the defendant so ran and operated its locomotive and train as to run against and kill the plaintiff’s-mule. The third count was dismissed before the trial. The verdict was for the defendant.
The testimony tended to show that the defendant’s-railroad ran from east to west through the plaintiff’s yard and premises for the manufacturing of fire-brick, and skirted the river Des Peres which lay on the south side. South of the river was a twenty acre lot of the-plaintiff ’ s used for pasturage and other purposes. This-lot was enclosed by a wire fence, -with an opening at a bridge and a private crossing, making a passway from-
“1. The court instructs the jury that under the pleadings and evidence in this case, plaintiff is not entitled to recover on the second count in its petition, and you will find for the defendant on said second count.”
“2. If the jury believe, from the evidence, that plaintiff’s mule was struck by one of defendant’s engines and received injuries of which it died; and if you further believe that the killing of said mule was the immediate result of any want of ordinary care or prudence on the part of defendant’s servants, who had charge of the engine and were operating it at the time of said killing, and if you further find that plaintiff and its servants were not guilty of any negligence that directly contributed to the collision, then you should find in plaintiff’s favor for the market value of said mule.”
“3. If you find that the mule was struck and killed by one of defendant’s engines ata private crossing,*653 maintained by plaintiff, across defendant’s track and ■within the corporate limits of the city of St. Louis, and if you believe that defendant’s engine, at the time the mule was killed, was being run at a rate of speed exceeding six miles per hour ; and if you further believe, from the evidence, that the killing of said mule was due to the fact that said engine was running at a rate of speed exceeding six miles per hour, and that plaintiff and its servants were themselves without fault directly contributing to the injury, then you should find for plaintiff.”
“4. To entitle plaintiff to a verdict, it must show to your reasonable satisfaction that defendant’s engine struck the mule and so caused its death, and further that the collision was occasioned by want of ordinary care on the part of defendant’s servants who had charge of the engine. If the evidence fails to satisfy you as to either of these propositions you must find for defendant.”
“5. If you believe that plaintiff’s servants, by want of ordinary care on the occasion of the killing of the mule, directly contributed to such disaster, then you should find for defendant.”
“6. If you believe, from the evidence, that the death of the mule was occasioned by an accident (meaning by the term accident, something that happens without want of ordinary care on the part of any person), then you should find for defendant.”
“7. Even though you believe that defendant’s engine collided with the mule and was running at a rate of Bpeed exceeding six miles per hour, yet these facts will not warrant a verdict for plaintiff unless you further believe, from the evidence, th.it such excessive rate of speed was the immediate cause of the killing of the mule, and that if the engine had been running at a rate of speed not exceeding six miles per hour, the collision would not have happened.”
The court also directed the jury to return a general verdict, and, in addition,- to write their answers to certain
“1. Was plaintiff’s mule struck or injured by the ■engine or ■ cars of' defendant? Answer. We do not believe it was.
“2. Were the engineer and fireman on defendant’s train, at the time the collision with plaintiff’s mules is alleged to have occurred, in .the exercise of ordinary care ? Answer. Yes.
“3. Could plaintiff, its agents, or servants, by the ■use of ordinary care have prevented the injury to its .animal ? Answer. Yes.
“4. If you believe that plaintiff’s mule was 'struck by the engine and cars of defendant, you will state whether or not the witness, Richards, could, by the exercise of ordinary care, have prevented the mule •being struck by the engine ? Answer. Yes.
“5. At what rate of speed was'defendant’s train running at the time it crossed the private crossing of plaintiff, where the mule is alleged to have been struck ? Answer. We believe it was running at a greater speed •than six miles per hour.”
The plaintiff objects that the jury’s answer to the first question put to them was not sufficiently positive and certain in its terms ; that their mere belief touching the matter of inquiry was not responsive to the question, :and not in proper form for a verdict. If the objection had any merit, it would not be available here, because it comes too late. It should have been offered in the -circuit court, before the jury were discharged. They •could then have been directed to make their answer more definite and certain. McElfresh v. Guard, 32 Ind. 409; Bradley v. Bradley, 45 Ind. 72; Powder Co. v. Vurgutz, 6 Kan. 488. But there is nothing in the •objection, on its merits. ' The belief of the jury, derived
It is objected that the first instruction was erroneous, because there was evidence tending to show that the mule was killed by collision with the engine at a place where the defendant’s road was not inclosed by a lawful fence, and where there was no crossing of a public highway. Rev. Stat., sect. 2124. The objection is untenable. One of the conditions of liability without proof of negligence, under the statute referred to, is, that the accident shall have occurred on a portion of the road “that maybe inclosed by a lawful fence.” It is-not stated in the petition that this condition existed. The accident occurred at a place within the limits of the city of St. Louis, and there can be no presumption that the company could have fenced at that point. Without the conditions stated, negligence must be alleged and proved, in order to create a liability. But no negligence was alleged in the second count of the petition, which the instruction withdrew from consideration by the jury.
The first and only remaining count in the petition based a right of recovery wholly on the fact of negligence in running and operating the- train. It was, therefore, altogether proper for the court to instruct the jury on the law of negligence, and the plaintiff’s objections to the fourth instruction, as being inapplicable to the issues, can not be sustained.
The instructions presented to the jury a fair and accurate exposition of the law of the case. The trial was without fault that we can discover, and we find nothing in the record to justify a disturbance of the result.
The judgment is affirmed, with the concurrence of all the judges.