142 Iowa 107 | Iowa | 1909
In the city of Oelwein there is a public street known as Jefferson running east and west, upon the north side of which there was a board sidewalk extending from what was known as the St. Mary’s Episcopal Church lot westward about- one hundred feet to where it crossed the railway right of way in said town. It is claimed in the petition that defendant for a long time prior to April 15, 1907, suffered and permitted this sidewalk, especially at a point about five or six feet west of the southeast corner of lot 1, block 1, in said city, being at a place about thirteen feet from the southeast corner of St. Mary’s Church, to be and become out of repair, unsafe and dangerous, in that two of the planks which were of insufficient width and not laid close enough together, and to which others were not laid sufficiently close, became and were unfastened and loose from the sills or stringers to which nailed, the nails fastening the same to said sills or stringers, having become rusted, broken and loose, leaving said two planks lying loose and unfastened upon the sills or stringers and far apart from the next nearest planks, and liable to be displaced and tilted and trip pedestrians when passing over said sidewalk, and leaving a dangerous trap and hole or opening about nine inches in depth into which such pedestrians were also liable to step or fall, or
■Something like forty-four errors are assigned, and it is manifest that we can not consider all of them and confine this opinion within proper limits. The walk in question was properly constructed in the year 1898, the material used being 2x6 plank and 4x4 stringers; but it is contended that it became and was out of repair for some time before plaintiff received her injuries. She said that while passing along the walk in company with her sister, going in an easterly direction, and at a point about six feet from the end of the walk as it passed by the church lot, she tripped and fell by reason of two loose planks in the walk, which neither she nor her sister observed, resulting in the injuries complained of. Defendant contends that there is not. sufficient testimony upon which to base a verdict in any sum against it, in that there is no showing of any defect in the walk where plaintiff claims she fell, and no such notice to the defendant city of any such defect, if there was one, as to make it liable for damages. The testimony on this point was conflicting, and there was enough in plaintiff’s favor to justify a finding that there
The last child was bom June 4, 1907; it weighed, when delivered, eight pounds, and it was sound and healthy. The only legitimate inference to be derived from her testimony as to prior childbirths was that these deliveries did not rupture any of her organs, and that she had not suffered any lesions which were found after the birth of her last child. Direct testimony was admissible upon this point, and it is manifest that counsel in offering this testimony was not trying to prove her physical condition prior to the birth of her last child. His effort undoubtedly was to have the jury believe that, as she had not previously suffered from' childbirth, her suffering which she described as accompanying the birth of her last child must have been due to the- accident upon the walk. For reasons already suggested, .we do not think this true, either as a logical or gynecological proposition. These rulings were repeated several times, and the same matters were shown by the husband’s testimony over objection.
*112 (1) Q. Were these three doctors examining you during all that time that they were at the house? A. At the house very near all the time. I don’t quite remember how long the examination lasted.
(2) Q. They asked you a large number of questions while they were examining you internally, is that correct? A. Yes, sir.
(3) Q. What was your physical condition at the time this examination took place? How did you feel? A. Of course I felt terrible bad all over, terrible weak like; I didn’t feel as though I could stand it any longer in the afternoon; then I had to go through it at night again after supper. I was sick for a whole week later from the effects of it.
To each of the last three questions defendant made the following objection:
Objected to as immaterial, irrelevant, incompetent, and for the reason that the law provides for an examination being made and the applications made to the court, and the order for an examination can not be inquired into in this manner and it is prejudicial. The objections were overruled by the court, to which ruling the defendant duly excepted, and to each of them.
We think the objections should have been sustained. The only effect of these answers was to charge defendant with damages because of the, pain, suffering and inconvenience due to a proper examination made of plaintiff under an order of court. The verdict is a very large one, and just such things as this indicate the basis upon which it was arrived at.
The following is taken from the record to show the basis of another claim for error:
I heard her last night. We were up there, and Mrs. Etzkorn was upstairs with one of the children; one of them called for a cup of water. I took the cup of water upstairs. I know why she did not. Q. Why didn’t she ? (Objected to by the defendant as immaterial, irrelevant,*113 incompetent, and asking for an opinion and conclusion of the witness. Overruled. Defendant excepts.) A. Why, she says her limbs hurt her; her side hurt her, and she felt dizzy. (Defendant moves to strike out the answer as immaterial, irrelevant, incompetent and hearsay. Overruled. Defendant accepts.)
None of the other rulings on evidence seem to have been prejudicial to the defendant.
II." The eleventh and thirteenth instructions, which we here copy, are criticised:
(11) If you find from a preponderance of the evidence the plaintiff was injured while using ordinary and reasonable care, and that such injury was caused by7 the negligence of the defendant, then it was the duty of the plaintiff and her husband to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence in the selection of a physician, and in the treatment and care of such injury so sustained by plaintiff, for the purpose of effecting- recovery,, and plaintiff would -be entitled to recover only for direct and immediate consequences of injuries so received, if they had received such reasonable care'and attention for the purpose of effecting a recovery. If you find from the evidence that any part of the pain and suffering, medical attention, or loss of time was occasioned by reason of the neglect of the plaintiff or her husband to use such reasonable care in the treatment and care of the injury, then and in that event plaintiff can- not recover for such additional pain, suffering, and expense or loss of time, if any, caused by such neglect, and you should determine from the evidence what would be her damages, if any, that were the reasonable and probable consequence of the injury if properly treated and cared for. But her damages should not be diminished by the negligence (if any) of the physician, if reasonable care was used in his selection.
(13) If you find for the plaintiff you should allow to her such sum, not' exceeding the amount claimed, as you find from the evidence will reasonably compensate her for the pain and suffering sustained by her to this time by reason of the personal injuries, if any, sustained as a result of her fall upon the sidewalk on Jefferson Street, and for the reasonable expense, if any, incurred by her husband for medical attendance and nursing, made necessary because of the injuries due to her fall, and for the pain and suffering, if any, it is reasonably certain from the evidence she will suffer in the future because of her*115 injuries so received; and you will also allow her sucli further sum as will reasonably compensate her husband for the loss of her services, society, and companionship, if any, he has lost, to this time, and such further sum as it is reasonably certain from the evidence he will lose by reason of the loss of her services, society and companionship in the future because of the injuries sustained by her.
For the errors pointed out, the judgment must be, and it is, reversed.