| Md. | Jun 28, 1878
delivered the opinion of the Court.
The bill of interpleader alleges that a policy of insurance was issued by the complainant on the life of William Harper in favor of his wife, that it was afterwards changed and made payable to his legal representatives, and that the proceeds of this policy are now claimed by his executor and by Mrs. Harper, the widow. The complainant makes no claim to said proceeds, but is ready and willing to pay the same, but does not know to which of the claimants they ought to be paid, and the bill is therefore filed simply for its own protection.
The executor of Harper in his answer avers there is nothing on the face of the policy to show or indicate that it was ever issued in favor of the wife, or to suggest it was issued as a renewal or substitution of a previous policy in her favor, calls for full proof, and says that the policy issued in 1868 and payable to Harper’s legal representatives is a valid contract which the company has no right to repudiate or require him to interplead.
It is true that the mere fact of a double claim is not in all cases and under all circumstances the test of the right to file a hill 'of interpleader. The possession of the fund or property in dispute may be of such a character, as for instance, the relafion of principal and agent; or one by his own conduct may put himself in such a position as to preclude his right to dispute the title of another, or parties may claim the same property under different titles not derived from' the same common source. Story’s Equity, 880 and cases cited; 3 Daniel Ch. Pr., 1754; Story’s Equity Pleading, 293.
The appellant may be right in saying that the stakeholder must show that it has not been by any erroneous or wrongful act of his own that the double or conflicting claims have arisen. Cochrane vs. O’Brien, 2 Jones & La Toncho, 380; Cranshay vs. Thornton, 2 Mylne & Craig,
But the difficulty in the way of the appellant is the application of these principles to the case now before us. When it is argued that if the policy was re-issued in fraud of the rights of the wife, it was an erroneous and wrongful act, the plain answer is that it does not lie in the mouth of Harper or his executor to make this objection, because the re-issued policy shows upon its face that it was issued at the request and upon the representations of Harper himself.
The counsel for the appellant admits in his printed brief that: —
“ Where the stakeholder has been induced to enter into an independent contract with one of the claimants by the imposition, deceit, misrepresentation or fraud of such claimant, a distinction is made ; and the stakeholder so entrapped may require the adverse claimants to interplead, and in support of these views he relies on Martin vs. Costello, 1 Irish Equity, 50-6. If this he so, then the appellant has no right to object to the hill of interpleader filed in this case. The record shows that the policy issued payable to Harper and his legal representatives, as a substitute for the former policy payable to his wife, and in consequence of which the double claim has arisen, was issued upon the representations of Harper himself and the company thus misled by these representations, certainly has the right to require him to interplead. The order of the Court; therefore continuing the injunction and requiring the parties to interplead will he affirmed.
Decree affirmed and cause remanded.