230 P. 802 | Colo. | 1924
THIS is the first, in order of filing in this Court, of three cases, numbered respectively on our docket 10,927, 10,930 and 11,028. All of them directly or indirectly grow out of controversies between the taxpaying electors of The Kerber Creek Irrigation District in Saguache county and its alleged board of directors and the secretary thereof, as to their official status and the official acts which the board claims that it performed. This action, No. 10,927, is one in mandamus to compel the county treasurer of the county to pay, if there are available funds, or, if not, to register, as provided by statute, a warrant which was drawn by the alleged board in favor of the attorneys of the three directors, who claimed to be the sole members of the board, and who employed these attorneys to defend them in a quo warranto action by the people, ex rel. Means, et al., wherein the district court determined that only one of the three, T. E. Dunshee, was or ever had been a director of the District, either de facto or de jure, at the time of such employment, or when this warrant was drawn, or at any other time. No attempt has been made to have this judgment of ouster reviewed or set aside and it is still in full force and effect.
Though apparently not in entire accord as to the propriety of consolidating these three actions for hearing here as one cause, counsel for both parties, who appear in all of them, refer in their briefs in one of the cases to the briefs and records in the other two and ask us to observe a similar method in disposing of them. This we have done *216 as only by doing so may they be fairly and justly determined.
We have in this case for decision the question whether it was the plain duty of the county treasurer to register this warrant, it being conceded that he could not pay it because there were no available funds in the treasury. Ordinarily a county treasurer, whose duties, perhaps, are largely ministerial, may not refuse to pay or register a warrant drawn on him by an administrative body like an irrigation district on which a statute has conferred the power to draw it, and which also commands the treasurer to pay or register it. The warrant so drawn is presumed to be lawfully drawn. But the presumption may be overcome, in a mandamus to compel the treasurer to pay or register. Mulnix v. Mutual Benefit Life Ins. Co.,
The invalidity of this warrant clearly appears from the records of these cases. The district court which in this case made permanent the alternative writ of mandamus requiring the county treasurer to register this warrant, also on the same day in cause 11,028 rendered a judgment declaring in effect that the irrigation board which drew the warrant, had no power or authority to act as a board at all. The board, not having power to draw the warrant or order it drawn, the treasurer was right in refusing registration. The district court having declared the board, so constituted, an illegal body and not authorized to act for, or to represent, the irrigation district, nevertheless *217 directed the treasurer to recognize this warrant as a legal obligation of the district by registering it. This determination apparently was on the ground that the treasurer, as a ministerial officer, may not attack in a mandamus action, the validity of a warrant purporting on its face to be drawn by a board in which the statute has vested the power to draw it. We think, because of the judgment of the same court on the same day in 11,028, that the board, which drew the warrant, was an illegal body, the judgment in this cause directing registration was wrong.
It is wrong for another reason. Mandamus is the remedy for compelling performance by a public officer of a plain, legal duty devolving upon him by virtue of his office or which the law enjoins as a duty resulting from the office. Bell v. Thomas,
Summarized, we say: while ordinarily the county treasurer may not pass upon the validity of a warrant which on its face appears to be drawn for a valid debt by the body authorized by the statute to draw it and where no fact or circumstance is known to the treasurer which casts doubt upon its validity, this rule is inapplicable here, first, because on the same day this judgment directing registration was entered, the same court in cause No. 11,028 decided that the alleged board of directors that drew it had no power or authority to do so; and, second, because this record affirmatively shows that the claim against the district was not a valid one and the allowance or payment of a retaining fee for services performed, not for the district but for its alleged directors as individuals and not as officers acting for the district in a matter within their jurisdiction. It was not within the power of a de facto or de jure board to fasten upon the district liability for such a retainer. The state auditor may not audit or issue warrants for the payment of illegal claims, no matter how certified. People, ex rel. v. Spruance,
The further contention that section 1970, C. L. 1921, empowers the board to employ attorneys, as may be required, is not sound. That section is not authority to the members of the board to employ attorneys to represent them as individuals in responding to, or defending against, a charge instituted by the people that they are usurpers, or to charge against the district the amount of the attorney fee which these individuals agreed to pay. The board *219 has power to employ attorneys to protect the rights and look after the interests of the district as a public corporation, but not to represent the individual directors in defending their right to hold a public office. Unless some statute confers such power, we will not judicially legislate upon it.
It follows that the judgment of the district court was wrong. It is, therefore, reversed with instructions to the trial court to set it aside and render, in lieu thereof, a judgment dismissing the action at plaintiffs' costs both here and below.
MR. JUSTICE ALLEN and MR. JUSTICE SHEAFOR concur.
