16 Pa. Commw. 102 | Pa. Commw. Ct. | 1974
Opinion by
This is an appeal from an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, dated March 17,
This case arose from the alleged failure of these firemen to obey an order of the Fire Department regulating the wearing of sideburns, chin whiskers, mustaches and long hair.
The appellants appealed to the Commission, and the record indicates an initial reluctance on the part of the Commission to entertain the appeal. The City Law Department rendered a preliminary opinion advising the Commission to take jurisdiction over the appeal, and the Commission did so. A hearing was held on February 25, 1971, and on March 17, 1971, the Commission issued its opinion, dismissing the appeal for lack of jurisdiction. The appellants then appealed to the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, which, on March 17, 1972, affirmed the Commission. Appeal to this Court followed.
The initial reluctance of the Commission to hear the appeal stemmed from Section 7-201 of the Philadelphia Home Rule Charter, which reads, in relevant part: “The Civil Service Commission shall hear and dispose of appeals as provided in this section. Any employee who is dismissed or demoted after completing his probationary period of service, or who is suspended for more than ten days in any one year, may, within thirty days after such dismissal, demotion or suspension, appeal to the Commission for review thereof.” (Emphasis added.) The instant appellants were not suspended for more than ten days, and the Commission based its March 17, 1971 decision solely on this jurisdictional ground. The Commission expressly declined any comment on the appellants’ primary argument that the hair regulations violated their federal constitutional rights. The lower court, however, without taking further evidence, ruled “in the alternative” that (Í) the Commission’s legal conclusion on jurisdiction was correct: and (2) the merits of the case resolved themselves against the appellants.
Our scope of review in civil service appeals is controlled by Section 8 of the Local Agency Law, Act of December 2, 19(58, P. L. 1133, as amended, 53 P.S. § 11308(b), which reads, in pertinent part: “After hear
For purposes of our review, we are thus restricted to considering whether, as a matter of law, the Commission was correct in declining jurisdiction of the appeal. The lower court was likewise bound to consider only this narrow question, since the review permitted by Section 8 of the Local Agency Law, 53 P.S. §11308 (b), only encompasses the adjudication, which, in this case, dealt solely with jurisdiction under the Philadelphia Home Rule Charter, and not with the merits of the controversy. The Commission made no determination of the merits, and there is, therefore, no ruling or finding to review regarding any alleged denial of constitutional rights.
Viewed from this perspective, appellants’ argument turns on the application of Philadelphia Civil Service
Appellants argue that because, in addition to the ten-day suspension, they were ordered to comply with the hair regulation or face discharge, they were subjected to an “additional penalty” and their case is thus appealable to the Commission under Cummings, supra.
We do not see merit in this contention. The provision in the “Notice of Suspension” issued to each fireman which informed him that he would be discharged if he failed to comply was no more than a warning that a second infraction might subject him to additional discipline — a fact that can hardly be construed to constitute an “additional penalty.” Indeed, we suspect that this portion of the notice could have been omitted altogether, and it would have made little difference in terms of conduct. Appellants seem to say that because another violation of the same order, or another order, may precipitate another disciplinary proceeding, appellants are being punished additionally for the original infraction. This is true only to the extent that the Fire Department may consider “second offenses” more serious
The order of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, dated March 17, 1972, is affirmed.
The order in question reads as follows: “Long sideburns no longer than approximate middle of ear and chin whiskers are not to be worn by uniform members of tbe Fire Department. Due to the most important need for air tightness of face masks, mustaches, if worn must be kept neat and trimmed. Hair growing on the neck is to be kept short and tapered.”
James M. Elko et al. v. James J. McCarey and City of Philadelphia, Civil Action No. 70-1840, United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, opinion staying action filed August 11, 1970.
The practical effect of an affirmance of the Commission’s action is that appellants will be deemed to have no further administrative remedy. If, at this point, they feel their constitutional rights are infringed by the hair regulation, then they must refuse to comply (and be dismissed — which gives the Commission clear jurisdiction), or pursue a purely judicial remedy in the state or federal courts.
It should be noted that this Court, through Judge Rogers, has addressed itself to the merits of a constitutional issue very similar to that raised by appellants in this case. See Lattanzio v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 10 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 160, 309 A. 2d 459 (1973).
Appellant’s brief makes no reference to tbe portion of the “Notice of Suspension” which refers to a transfer to a new assignment. We assume that this discretionary action is not being questioned.