85 W. Va. 508 | W. Va. | 1920
In this assumpsit action plaintiff, a corporation, sues to recover damages resulting, the special counts aver, from tbe failure and refusal of defendant, also a corporation, to furnish lumber pursuant to a contract entered into between tbe parties to tbe action November 11,1915. The errors assigned by counsel for defendant for reversing tbe judgment against bis client are the denial of bis motion to suppress tbe depositions of plaintiff’s witnesses, Eravel and Yalkwitch, taken at Buffalo, New York, October 11, 1918, nearly four months before tbe date tbe motion was made; rulings upon the admissibility of carbon copies of letters and telegrams as evidence of tbe contract and to show the basis of plaintiff’s claim for damages, without sufficient notice of a demand upon defendant to produce tbe originals; and of proof to show the amount of expenses incurred by plaintiff in tbe inspection of tbe lumber contracted for but not delivered to plaintiff, and of tbe lumber purchased by it of other manufacturers, and additional transportation charges necessitated by defendant’s breach of the contract; and upon tbe motion for a new.trial.
The only order entered in tbe proceeding, except tbe filing of tbe bills of exceptions, shows, first, a motion to quash tbe process to answer and the return thereon; tbe ruling of tbe court ’ bolding tbe return insufficient; tbe amendment of tbe return over the objection of the defendant; a demurrer to tbe declaration, sustained; the amendment of tbe declaration and the filing of an additional count; the ruling upon the declaration and each- count thereof as so amended; the
The first ground of error assigned is that, although the return of service of the notice to take depositions recites that the notice was executed “by delivering a copy thereof to F. 0. Leftwieh, attorney in fact to accept service of and for said Boone Timber Company,” yet it fails to show by whom such person was appointed attorney in fact, or that he was appointed, if at all, pursuant to law, or in what county and state the notice was served. The statute governing the appointment of attorneys in fact is section 24, ch. 54, Code, which provides: “Every resident domestic corporation, unless otherwise specifically and expressly provided, shall, within thirty days after its first election of officers, by power of attorney duly executed, appoint some person residing in the county in this state wherein its business is conducted to accept service on behalf of said corporation, and upon whom service may be had of any process or notice; the said power of attorney shall be recorded in the office of the clerk of the county court of the county in which the attorney resides, and filed and recorded in the office of the secretary of state, and the admission to record of such power of attorney shall be deemed evidence of compliance with the requirements. of this section; any corpqration failing to comply with said requirements within twelve months from the date of its incorporation shall, by reason of such failure, forfeit its charter to the state, * * ”
Although the return may have failed to state facts showing the place of service and the residence and due appointment of the person upon whom it was had (Frazier v. K. & M. Railway Co., 40 W. Va. 224), yet it might properly have been amended to show such facts (Hopkins v. B. & O. Railway Co., 42 W. Va.
The evidence of Hogsett who served the notice, not objected to, showed that Leftwich had been appointed attorney in fact to accept service for defendant at a time when he was living in Boone county; that for five years preceding this action he had resided in Cabell county, and that the notice was served upon him in the latter county; that the chief office of the defendant company is at Clothier, Boone county, wherein and in Logan county it transacts part of its business, but" does no business in Cabell county. There was no proof showing that another attorney in fact had been appointed to represent the company in that capacity after the removal of Leftwich to Cabell county. The statute, it is true, requires the appointment of “some person residing in the county in this state where its (the corporation’s) business is conducted, * * * upon whom service may be had of any process or notice.” At the time of his appointment Left-
Were the carbon copies of the letters and telegrams comprising the correspondence between the parties relative to the matters constituting and arising out of the timber contract improperly admitted to the jury as' evidence without notice for the production of the originals? Such demand plaintiff did make while the trial was proceeding, but defendant declined to comply therewith because of inability to obtain them on such short notice from its office some fifteen miles distant from the court house. Regarding the questions so raised the decisions are not harmonious, but the weight of authority sustains the admissibility of duly authenticated carbon copies of such papers, not as secondary, but as primary evidence of the facts they recite or contain, and that too without accounting for the non-
Hot only did these letters and telegrams constitute the contract between the parties regarding the lumber, but also they comprised the entire correspondence relating to it, and bore on their face evidence of their relation to but one subject matter. Their immediate and uncontroverted relevancy to the entire transaction seems impossible of refutation. Indeed, so far as appears, there was but the one negotiation to which they could have referred, each party writing or wiring the other as indicated by the correspondence itself.
Of the admissibility of the evidence introduced, over defendant’s objection, to show the expenses incurred by plaintiff on account of the inspection of lumber, which defendant contracted but refused to furnish plaintiff, and payment of freight, we likewise entertain no doubt. While the true standard for the measurement of damages "for the breach of a contract for the sale and delivery of property readily obtainable on the open market is, as stated by Williston on Sales, § 599, “the difference between the contract price and the market price of such goods
Defendant relies also for reversal upon the alleged requirement for an inspection to be conducted jointly by its own agents in conjunction with the agents of plaintiff, and to sustain its claim in that regard it cites the first letter written by its agent to plaintiff, a phrase of which says: “Final inspection to Be made at the (defendant’s) mill.” It is defendant’s contention that until an agreement was reached at.such inspection no binding contract to deliver existed. The inspection may have been> and probably was, a condition precedent to the passing of title under the contract, but not to the existence of the contract, for that was fully closed by offer and acceptance. The term “final inspection” does not signify joint action. The qualifying words are not alike in meaning. They do not convey the same idea. If, however, such meaning may be attached to them, that right was not denied to defendant. It did not request or make known its desire for joint participation in inspecting the lumber, and such participation was not denied to it. After an examination of the lumber pointed out by defendant as being intended for the purpose of fulfilling the contract, plaintiff’s inspector refused to accept it because, he says, it did not meet the specific require
There is no substantial merit in the next and final assignment, namely, the refusal to grant a new trial. As there was some, though but little, conflict in the testimony, that conflict, we think, the jury rightly solved in plaintiff’s favor.
Judgment affirmed.
Affirmed.