123 Ga. 542 | Ga. | 1905
(After stating the fficts.) 1, 2. It is contended, •on behalf of the plaintiff in error, that by the act of September 12, 1881 (Acts 1880 — 1, p. 608), the sale or furnishing of spirituous, malt, or intoxicating liquors within the limits of Jefferson •county was prohibited, and therefore there could be no indictment and conviction for selling liquor without a license in that county. Where by a valid subsisting law the sale of liquor is entirely prohibited in a county, the provisions of the general law requiring retailers of liquor to obtain a license, and making it penal to sell without a license, have no application. An indictment and conviction for retailing liquors without a license in such a county can not be had. Patton v. State, 80 Ga. 714; Batty v. State, 411 Ga. 79; Collins v. State, 114 Ga. 70. But
It is true 'that in no case has the decision in Papworth v. State been affirmed by the entire bench of six Justices; and sometimes decisions of a less number of Justices are spoken of lightly, as if they scarcely ranked as decisions at all. This is a mistake. Decisions of less than six Justices are nevertheless decisions of the Supreme Court. Where all six Justices concur in a decision, it can not be overruled or materially modified except upon review, and then only with the concurrence of all the Justices. Decisions rendered by a less number of Justices do not require formal review, or the concurrence of six Justices, to overrule or modify them. Still they are decisions of this court, rendered after due deliberation, and should have weight as such. Civil Code, §5588; Acts 1896, p. 42, sec. 5. While all courts may sometimes find it necessary to modify or reverse their rulings, it is desirable that their decisions should be as uniform and as stable as practicable. They become rules of law on which the public rely and act, and confusion may arise from too great readiness to overturn former rulings. A number of local acts prohibiting the sale of liquors, without excepting
It is suggested in the brief of counsel for the plaintiff in error, that by the act of August 9, 1881 (Acts 1880-1, p. 420), the sale of spirituous, malt, or intoxicating liquors in any quantity within the limits of the town of Louisville was prohibited, and that the sale involved in this case was within the limits of that town. It does not appear that any such point was raised or decided in the court below. If it were so, the ruling' in the Papworth case would seem to apply equally to this act. It is further contended in the brief of counsel for the plaintiff in error, that, under the act of February 5, 1866 (Acts 1865-6, p. 282), the right to issue licenses for the sale of liquors in the town of Louisville was vested exclusively in the corporate authorities thereof; that by the act of 1900 (Acts 1900, p. 313) they were forbidden to issue licenses for the sale of liquors; that thus there was no authority in any person to issue such licenses, and hence there can be no conviction for retailing liquors without a license within the municipal limits. Want of authority in the municipal officers to issue a license would no% authorize Retailing without a license, or prevent such conduct from being criminal. The Penal Code, §431, declares it to be a misdemeanor to “sell by retail any wine, brandy, rum, gin, or whisky, or other spirituous liquors, or any mixture of such liquors, in any house or other place, without license from the proper authority in said county, or without license from the corporate authorities of any town or city, where by law authority to grant license is vested in such corporate authorities.” That the corporate authorities may be without power
3, 4. This court will take judicial notice of the fact that the superior court of Jefferson county, by act of the legislature, begins its fall session on the second Monday in November. In the year 1903 that day fell on the 12th day of the month. The special presentment was returned at that term. The point that the presentment fails to show that the date of the alleged offense (November 8, 1903) was prior to the return of the presentment is accordingly without foundation.
5. The evidence amply supported the verdict.
Judgment affirmed.