63 A.2d 371 | Pa. Super. Ct. | 1948
Argued September 29, 1948.
Appellant, operator of coal mines, discharged a supervising employe on July 31, 1946, refused to reinstate him, and his fellow-employes, members of the United Clerical, Supervisory and Technical Workers Union, struck and refused to return to work. Claimant, Martin J. Myers, and 670 miners, members of the United Mine Workers also refused to work, alleging that the mine was gaseous and that the absence of a sufficient number of inspecting and supervising employes caused work in the mines to be dangerous. The board found that claimant remained away from the mine because of fear for his own safety and not in support of the supervisors' strike. Accordingly, it held that claimant's "unemployment was [not] due to a voluntary suspension of work resulting from an industrial dispute", within the meaning of the Unemployment Compensation Law, § 402 (d),
After the decision by the board and after the argument before this Court of Prentice Unemployment Compensation Case,
The findings as they now stand will not furnish adequate support for the award. The board found that the mine was gaseous, and that in 1940 an explosion occurred in it which resulted in the death of 63 employes. It found also that claimant and "other rank and file employes, believing that it would be unsafe to work", left their work. The reduced number of inspectors was assigned as the basis for the belief that the mine was unsafe.
But there is no finding of the essential fact, or facts, upon which may be founded the conclusion that the claimant's fear had a reasonable basis. Conceivably, fear may constitute good cause, although we do not now decide that question. But certainly a groundless, unreasonable, a pathological or a phantasmal fear will not answer the requirements of good cause. We had occasion recently to examine this question in relation to another context. In McGann Unemployment Compensation Case
The board's able counsel, who always argues these cases with refreshing frankness, concedes this defect, and suggests that the finding is implicit in the board's conclusion that claimant was justified by good cause. Acceptance of his theory would oblige us to infer the facts from the conclusion, an inversion of logical reasoning with which we would rather not experiment. Even so, which facts should we consider, those included in the findings or those which appellant contends should have been found, or both? For, it will be remembered, that appellant contended that notwithstanding the reduced number of inspectors the mines were safe for work, and perhaps, of equal importance, that claimant made no inquiry to determine what steps had been taken by appellant to assure safe operation.
With no desire to prejudge the case at this stage of the proceeding it would seem that eventually it may turn upon the element of good faith as a constituent of good cause. Again there is no adequate finding of fact. The board in its discussion says: "However, we have found that their reason for remaining away from work was not a desire to lend support to the suspension, but an honest fear of injury or death". But there is no such determination among the findings of fact. From the evidence findings should be formulated that, if the conclusion is again reached that the fear was honest, our task upon *154 review will be to determine only whether the findings are founded upon competent and substantial evidence.
The decision is reversed, and the record is remitted to the board for rehearing and further proceedings consistent with this opinion.