Easterlin v. Rylander

59 Ga. 292 | Ga. | 1877

Jackson, Judge.

This was a suit' brought.on a note for nine hundred and twenty-six bushels of corn. Under the charge of the court, the jury found for the plaintiffs, when the defendants made a motion for a new trial, which was overruled, and they excepted.

1. Two questions are made for our adjudication. One hundred bushels of corn, in addition to the quantity furnished in December, was to be paid back by the vendee or borrower, being more than seven per cent, upon the quantity loaned; and one question is, was this usury %

We think not. Corn fluctuates in value; at one time of the year it commands one price, at another time another. It is an article that is liable to shrink, and, when freshly gathered, is greater in bulk and heavier than after it stands awhile. It may be very scarce, and command a high price in winter and spring, and in the ensuing fall, after a large crop, it may be very cheap. It is not like gold — currency —the circulating medium of the country — passing from hand to hand at approximately uniform value. Therefore we think that laws against usury do not apply to such articles as corn. And the old Code, section 2023, defines usury to be “ the reserving and taking, or contracting to reserve and take, either directly or by indirection, a greater sum for the use of money than the lawful interest.” This is not in the Code of Irwin, Lester and Hill, because, when it was compiled, the usury laws were not of force. It is true that in Cobb’s Digest, page 393, usury is differently defined to be the reserving or taking more than seven per cent, for the principal, on money, goods, wares or merchandise, or otlxer commodities whatsoever. But the Codes of 1861 and 1868 altered this statute by expressly confining usury to the loan of money. And even if the statute of 1815, above referred to in Cobb, were now in force, upon a statute very similar, the supreme court of Florida held that conx, so fluctuating in value, was not embraced. 12 Flor., 552.

Such is the rcasoxx and spirit of the law, and the practice of our people accords with this view of it. Nothing is more coxnxnon than for one neighbor to borrow corn of another in spring, and agree to return more in quantity in the autumn; and nobody ever dreams of violating any law against usury if more is returned than an increase at the rate of seven per cent, per annum.

2.' The other point made is this: Eylander and his co-executors let East ex-1 in et al. have two cribs of corn, in December, 1871, and took their note for the return of nine hundred and twenty-six bushels in November following — that being the quantity which the two cribs were estimated to hold by a third person, who had put the corn therein. Rylander proposed to measure again, but Easteriin declined, and the corn was taken by agreement at the estimate of the third person. Easteriin .used it on the farm, feeding it away until June, when the note was lost; and, at the request of Rylander, another, dated back, and for the identical quantity of corn, was given in its stead. Afterwards, when all the corn was fed away out of both cribs, and when pay-day arrived, Easteriin complained that the quantity of corn he got in the cribs was some one or two hundred bushels short. The jury found against him, and the court refused to disturb the verdict. We think that the court did right. Easteriin should have had the corn measured. Nobody cheated him. He cheated himself, if he did not get the quantity he gave his note for. The principle ruled in 20 Ga., 242, and again in 55 Ga., 484, controls this case. Resides, after he had used up a large portion of the corn — -more than half — he renewed his promise to pay the. same quantity by renewing the lost note for the same amount; and never complained at all until all the corn was fed away, and when it was very difficult to ascertain the true quantity. The only proof of any consequence which he had was to the effect that he filled up the larger crib, and, measuring by wagon loads poured into it, it measured up only so much, less than he said Rylander estimated, or, rather, than the third person estimated that larger crib to have contained; but the smaller crib was not measured even after this fashion..

The charge of the court was fair, and the verdict, we think, right. Possibly there may have been slight errors in the charge; but the verdict could not have been properly other than it was, if any correction were made therein ; and therefore the motion for a new trial was properly overruled.

Judgment affirmed.