1 S.E. 873 | N.C. | 1887
The facts appear in the opinion.
In the recent case of Riggsbee v. Durham,
The election provided for was held, and of the whole number of votes cast, (370), there were given 245 for, and 125 against the proposed loan, while the number of registered voters was 607, more than double the number of the favoring voters. The election being, however, in accordance with the statute, the result was declared and reported in writing by the inspectors of election to the board of commissioners of the town, who proceeded to dispose of the bonds, and in order to provide for the payment of interest and a fund to meet the obligations at maturity, on August 4th, 1885, levied a tax of eight cents upon the $100 worth of real and personal property, and (as we suppose, for such is the statutory requirement), thirty cents on each poll. The section (3) imposing this duty, contains a proviso, "that the tax collected from the colored population of the town shall be applied for the benefit of the public schools for colored children, as now provided by law in said town."
The present action on behalf of the tax payers, against the defendants, the officer charged with the collection of the *129 taxes and engaged in doing so, is to arrest his action, upon the twofold ground, that the purposes and objects of the law, by reason of its race discriminating features, are repugnant to the Constitution, and further that there have not voted a "majority of the qualified voters" of the town giving sanction to the loan, as required by Art. VII, § 7, thereof.
It is unnecessary to review the discussions found in the case cited, and in Puett v. Commissioners of Gaston, disposed of at the same Term, (
We have at the present Term, in Southerland v. Goldsboro, modifying somewhat the definition given by RODMAN, J., in R. R. Co. v. Commissionersof Caldwell,
But it may be suggested, that the defects not known to the innocent purchasers of these public securities, do not enter in to vitiate their obligatory force, when the vote has been officially counted and the result announced. This is true, as held in Norment v. Commissioners of Charlotte,
The election is under the statute, which requires, not a majority of thevoters qualified to vote, but only a majority of those who do vote, and this is all that is determined and declared by the board of commissioners, while the command in the fundamental law, as a limitation upon the capacity to contract a debt and levy taxes for its payment, outside of necessary expenses, is disregarded.
Now, while it may admit of question whether in the absence of an enabling power conferred, a municipal corporation can borrow money and issue public securities therefor, since the decision in The Mayor v. Ray, 19 Wall., 468, rendered by a bare majority of the Court in the negative, it cannot be doubted that when restrictions are imposed upon its exercise, they must be observed, and parties taking such securities under a statute which ignores the restraint, cannot occupy the position of innocent purchasers. Persons who receive them when issued under an unconstitutional act, are chargeable with a knowledge of their illegal origin, for they must inquire into the authority of those who undertake to put them out.
There are conflicting rulings upon the point whether the requirement of a majority of qualified voters to incur a debt is not in effect the same as a majority of those voting, but we do not feel at liberty wholly to ignore a provision and the difference between the terms used, as well as the deliberate conclusion arrived at in the case cited, in ascertaining the meaning of a clause intended to protect citizens *131 and tax payers against heavy and oppressive taxation, arising out of municipal involvement in the contraction of debts, the evils of which had been experienced. There are numerous restraints, some of them unusual, put upon the taxing power both of the State and its subordinate municipal bodies in the Constitution, indicating everywhere a distrust in its unlimited exercise and liability to abuse, which need not be enumerated, but which have come before the Court, and we cannot think, with all these safeguards, that it was intended to dispense with the approval of a majority of the qualified voters, and allow an inconsiderable fraction it might be, to determine the result. Indifference is not the test; an activeand expressed approval is necessary, and this is ascertained by a majority of those entitled to vote. However forcible may be the reasoning, and however numerous the rulings in other States, which construe a failure to vote as an acquiescence in what is done by those who do vote, we cannot put such an interpretation upon our organic law, and thus dispense with one of its most protective provisions against the contracting of a municipal debt.
The injunction, then, ought to have been continued, and there is error in the refusal to do so. This will be certified for further proceedings in the Court below, according to this opinion.
Error. Reversed. *132